svn commit: r44908 - head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/jails
Benedict Reuschling
bcr at FreeBSD.org
Thu May 22 16:25:58 UTC 2014
Author: bcr
Date: Thu May 22 16:25:57 2014
New Revision: 44908
URL: http://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/44908
Log:
This PR and the patch was created during the BSDCan 2014 Doc lounge.
From the PR:
- Describe that it's possible to install prebuilt binaries as well as build
from source.
- Instructions on how to extract distfiles on 8.x & earlier / 9.0 & later
- Remove reference to jail_www_devfs_ruleset rc.conf, as-is it prevents the
jail from starting because a ruleset needs to be defined & as there is no
documentation for that in the article, it's easier to remove it, by doing
this, the default ruleset is applied.
- Add instructions on how to keep jails up to date with freebsd-update.
I cleaned up the patch a bit, but it is still good work for a first patch.
PR: docs/189901
Submitted by: Sevan Janiyan
Modified:
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/jails/chapter.xml
Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/jails/chapter.xml
==============================================================================
--- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/jails/chapter.xml Thu May 22 15:18:45 2014 (r44907)
+++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/jails/chapter.xml Thu May 22 16:25:57 2014 (r44908)
@@ -50,7 +50,8 @@
host system. Jails expand this model by virtualizing access to
the file system, the set of users, and the networking subsystem.
More fine-grained controls are available for tuning the access
- of a jailed environment.</para>
+ of a jailed environment. Jails can be considered as a type of
+ operating system-level virtualization.</para>
<para>A jail is characterized by four elements:</para>
@@ -194,8 +195,72 @@
system, and <quote>service</quote> jails, dedicated to one
application or service, possibly running with privileges. This
is only a conceptual division and the process of building a jail
- is not affected by it. The &man.jail.8; manual page is quite
- clear about the procedure for building a jail:</para>
+ is not affected by it. When creating a <quote>complete</quote>
+ jail there are two options for the source of the userland: use
+ prebuilt binaries (such as those supplied on an install media)
+ or build from source.</para>
+
+ <para>To install the userland from installation media, first
+ create the root directory for the jail. This can be done by
+ setting the <varname>DESTDIR</varname> variable to the proper
+ location. The command to use depends on which shell is being
+ used.</para>
+
+ <para>When using &man.sh.1;:</para>
+
+ <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>export DESTDIR=<replaceable>/here/is/the/jail</replaceable></userinput></screen>
+
+ <para>If <command>csh</command>/<command>tcsh</command> is used,
+ execute this instead:</para>
+
+ <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>setenv DESTDIR <replaceable>/here/is/the/jail</replaceable></userinput></screen>
+
+ <para>Mount the install media as covered in &man.mdconfig.8;
+ when using the install ISO:</para>
+
+ <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>mount -t cd9660 /dev/`mdconfig -f cdimage.iso` /mnt</userinput></screen>
+
+ <para>Extract the binaries from the tarballs on the install media
+ into the declared destination. Minimally, only the base set
+ needs to be extracted, but a complete install can be performed
+ when preferred.</para>
+
+ <para>To install just the base system, run the next command when
+ using &os; 9.x or newer:</para>
+
+ <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>tar -xf /mnt/freebsd_install/usr/freebsd_dist/base.txz -C $DESTDIR</userinput></screen>
+
+ <para>On &os; 8.x systems, use this command instead:</para>
+
+ <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>/mnt/8.<replaceable>4</replaceable>-RELEASE/base/install.sh</userinput></screen>
+
+ <para>To install everything but the kernel, issue this
+ command:</para>
+
+ <para>When using &man.sh.1; on &os; 9.x and newer, issue this
+ command:</para>
+
+ <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>for <replaceable>sets</replaceable> in BASE DOC GAMES PORTS; do (tar -xf /mnt/FREEBSD_INSTALL/USR/FREEBSD_DIST/$<replaceable>sets</replaceable>.TXZ -C $DESTDIR</userinput></screen>
+
+ <para>When using &os; 8.x, run this:</para>
+
+ <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cd /mnt/8.<replaceable>4</replaceable>-RELEASE; for <replaceable>dir</replaceable> in base catpages dict doc games info manpages ports; do (cd $<replaceable>dir</replaceable>; ./install.sh) ; done</userinput></screen>
+
+ <para>If <command>csh</command>/<command>tcsh</command> is used on
+ &os; 9.x and newer, execute this command:</para>
+
+ <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>foreach <replaceable>sets</replaceable> ( BASE DOC GAMES PORTS )
+tar -xf /mnt/FREEBSD_INSTALL/USR/FREEBSD_DIST/$sets.TXZ -C $DESTDIR
+done</userinput></screen>
+
+ <para>On &os; 8.x, run this command:</para>
+
+ <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>foreach <replaceable>dir</replaceable> ( base catpages dict doc games info manpages ports )
+ cd /mnt/8.<replaceable>4</replaceable>-RELEASE/$dir; ./install.sh
+done</userinput></screen>
+
+ <para>The &man.jail.8; manual page explains the procedure for
+ building a jail:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>setenv D <replaceable>/here/is/the/jail</replaceable></userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>mkdir -p $D</userinput> <co xml:id="jailpath"/>
@@ -299,8 +364,7 @@ jail_list="<replaceable>www</replaceable
<programlisting>jail_<replaceable>www</replaceable>_rootdir="/usr/jail/www" # jail's root directory
jail_<replaceable>www</replaceable>_hostname="<replaceable>www</replaceable>.example.org" # jail's hostname
jail_<replaceable>www</replaceable>_ip="192.168.0.10" # jail's IP address
-jail_<replaceable>www</replaceable>_devfs_enable="YES" # mount devfs in the jail
-jail_<replaceable>www</replaceable>_devfs_ruleset="<replaceable>www_ruleset</replaceable>" # devfs ruleset to apply to jail</programlisting>
+jail_<replaceable>www</replaceable>_devfs_enable="YES" # mount devfs in the jail</programlisting>
<para>The default startup of jails configured in
&man.rc.conf.5;, will run the <filename>/etc/rc</filename>
@@ -460,6 +524,22 @@ jail_<replaceable>www</replaceable>_devf
applications that contribute to &man.jail.8; management.
Please refer to its web page for more information.</para>
</sect2>
+
+ <sect2 xml:id="jails-updating">
+ <title>Keeping Jails Patched and up to Date</title>
+
+ <para>Jails should be kept up to date from the host operating
+ system as attempting to patch userland from within the jail
+ may likely fail as the default behaviour in FreeBSD is to
+ disallow the use of &man.chflags.1; in a jail which prevents
+ the replacement of some files. It is possible to change this
+ behavior but it is recommended to use &man.freebsd-update.8;
+ to maintain jails instead. Use <option>-b</option> to specify
+ the path of the jail to be updated.</para>
+
+ <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>freebsd-update -b <replaceable>/here/is/the/jail</replaceable> fetch</userinput>
+&prompt.root; <userinput>freebsd-update -b <replaceable>/here/is/the/jail</replaceable> install</userinput></screen>
+ </sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 xml:id="jails-application">
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