some confusion in socket(2)

[Lowell Gilbert]

Teng Zhang via freebsd-questions <freebsd-questions at freebsd.org> writes:

> hello, in socket(2), the following sentence:         SOCK_RAW sockets
> provide access to internal network protocols and interfaces.My
> confusion is what are included in the range of "internal network
> protocols and interfaces". Could you please tell me the answer or
> where i can find relevant information.

Raw sockets are nothing more than IP sockets without a transport
protocol associated. Routing daemons and ping, for example, use raw
sockets to directly control packet headers.