sysrc -- a sysctl(8)-like utility for managing /etc/rc.conf et.
al.
Devin Teske
dteske at vicor.com
Thu Oct 7 03:50:23 UTC 2010
On Oct 6, 2010, at 8:29 PM, Devin Teske wrote:
>
> On Oct 6, 2010, at 4:09 PM, Brandon Gooch wrote:
>
>> On Wed, Oct 6, 2010 at 3:45 PM, Devin Teske <dteske at vicor.com> wrote:
>>> Hello fellow freebsd-hackers,
>>>
>>> Long-time hacker, first-time poster.
>>>
>>> I'd like to share a shell script that I wrote for FreeBSD system
>>> administration.
>>>
>>
>> It seems the list ate the attachment :(
>
>
> Here she is ^_^ Comments welcome.
>
Again with the patch needed... :(
Was testing embedded environment sans-grep(1).
dteske at dt.vicor.com bin $ diff -pu sysrc{.orig,}
--- sysrc.orig 2010-10-06 20:47:55.000000000 -0700
+++ sysrc 2010-10-06 20:48:06.000000000 -0700
@@ -492,8 +492,7 @@ depend sysrc_set 'local' 'sysrc' '[' 're
local found=
local regex="^[[:space:]]*$varname="
for file in $conf_files; do
- #if have grep; then
- if false; then
+ if have grep; then
grep -q "$regex" $file && found=1
else
while read LINE; do \
@@ -529,8 +528,7 @@ depend sysrc_set 'local' 'sysrc' '[' 're
( found=
while read -r LINE; do
if [ ! "$found" ]; then
- #if have grep; then
- if false; then
+ if have grep; then
match="$( echo "$LINE" | grep "$regex" )"
else
case "$LINE" in
> #!/bin/sh
> # -*- tab-width: 4 -*- ;; Emacs
> # vi: set tabstop=4 :: Vi/ViM
> #
> # Revision: 1.0
> # Last Modified: October 6th, 2010
> ############################################################ COPYRIGHT
> #
> # (c)2010. Devin Teske. All Rights Reserved.
> #
> # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
> # modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
> # are met:
> # 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
> # notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
> # 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
> # notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
> # documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
> #
> # THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
> # ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
> # IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
> # ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
> # FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
> # DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
> # OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
> # HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
> # LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
> # OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
> # SUCH DAMAGE.
> #
> # AUTHOR DATE DESCRIPTION
> # dteske 2010.09.29 Initial version.
> #
> ############################################################ INFORMATION
> #
> # Command Usage:
> #
> # sysrc [OPTIONS] name[=value] ...
> #
> # OPTIONS:
> # -h --help Print this message to stderr and exit.
> # -d Print list of internal dependencies before exit.
> # -e Print query results as `var=value' (useful for producing
> # output to be fed back in). Ignored if -n is specified.
> # -n Show only variable values, not their names.
> #
> # ENVIRONMENT:
> # SYSRC_SHOW_DEPS Dump list of dependencies. Must be zero or one
> # (default: `0')
> # RC_DEFAULTS Location of `/etc/defaults/rc.conf' file.
> #
> # About the Utility:
> #
> # This utility works similar to sysctl(8). It shares the `-e' and `-n'
> # options (detailed above and in sysctl(8)) and also has the same
> # `name[=value]' syntax for querying/setting configuration options.
> #
> # Fundamentally it could be said that sysctl(8) munges sysctl MIBs in the
> # entrant kernel, while sysrc(8) -- this utility -- munges values in the
> # system rc.conf(5) configuration files.
> #
> # NOTE: System configuration files are by-default configured in the file
> # `/etc/defaults/rc.conf' in the variable `rc_conf_files', which by-default
> # contains a space-separated list of pathnames. On all FreeBSD systems, this
> # defaults to the value "/etc/rc.conf /etc/rc.conf.local". Each pathname is
> # sourced in-order upon startup. It is in the same fashion that this script
> # sources the configuration files before returning the value of the given
> # variable by-name.
> #
> # When you supply this utility with a variable name, it will return the value
> # of the variable. If the variable does not appear in any of the configured
> # rc_conf_files, an error is printed and we return with error status.
> #
> # When changing values of a given variable it does not matter if the variable
> # appears in any of the rc_conf_files or not. If the variable does not appear
> # in any of the files, it is appended to the end of the first pathname in the
> # rc_conf_files variable. Otherwise, the sysrc_set() function will replace
> # only the last-occurrence in the last-file found to contain the variable.
> # This effectively gets the value to take effect next reboot without heavily
> # modifying these integral files (yet taking care not to allow the file to
> # grow unweildy should the script be called repeatedly infinitum).
> #
> # About the Code:
> #
> # I hope that you enjoy the cleanliness, verbosity (but at the same time,
> # utilitarian brevity) and -- dare I say -- beauty of the code of this
> # utility. I have been refining my cross-platform/POSIX-compliant/baseline-
> # compatible method of pure-bourne shell scripting for 10 years now. Shell is
> # not the only language that I could have chosen to written this utility in,
> # but it assuredly was the most satisfying. Satisfying in the sense that such
> # a utility is infinitely more useful to the masses if programmed in the
> # baseline-compatibility mindset.
> #
> # This fundamental utility takes a grass-roots approach to warming its way
> # into the hearts and minds of each and every FreeBSD system administrator,
> # power-user, and developer. Designed to be a reliable, stable, core utility
> # that is depended upon for daily-use without failing in any way. This shell
> # script is unique in that it has absolutely no external dependencies. The
> # POSIX bourne-shell made available in FreeBSD (/bin/sh) is all that is
> # needed. Though, if grep(1) is available in the shell's search path ($PATH;
> # search "Path Search" in sh(1)), the script will take advantage of it for
> # better efficiency and use of regular expressions rather than glob(7)
> # patterns.
> #
> # This approach makes this utility uniquely adept at functioning in an
> # embedded environment where very little may be available (for example, in
> # the mfsroot ``floppy images'' produced by the release(7) processs; also
> # detailed in the ``FreeBSD Release Engineering'' portion of the online
> # handbook available at http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles\
> # /releng/release-build.html).
> #
> # If space is an issue for the embedded environment, the first place I would
> # start stripping would be comments. There are enough that trimming all
> # comments from this file would be enough to drop multiples of the storage
> # container's filesystem fragment size (usually 2KB in UFS -- as is the
> # format of the mfsroot that FreeBSD boots off of these days). The second
> # place I would start trimming would be the depend() function and all of its
> # many uses. Next, I would see the whitespace go before finally attacking
> # code structure.
> #
> # Within, you'll find that the code is very lean. Though, I admit that there
> # are a few places that could be enhanced for CPU efficiency. The lrev()
> # function is particularly slow as it must use the shell's internal buffering
> # to buffer the entire input before finally returning the line-reversed
> # output. This leads to significant (100s of milliseconds) delays when
> # writing out the changes when the "varname=new_value" syntax is invoked.
> # If we give up the stringent requirement of requiring no external executable
> # then we can significantly improve the performance of the lrev() function by
> # instead relying on awk(1) to reverse the lines of a file (as awk is
> # infinitely faster than buffering lines of a file into a local shell
> # variable -- twice). Though, through the power of the have() function, we
> # quite simply add the power of awk(1) without relying on its presence.
> #
> # On a liter note, the sysrc() function is perhaps at it's tenth generation
> # for myself and has taken on a quintiscential beauty in its awe inspiring
> # simplicity and undulating flexibility. I could only dream that it be one-
> # day find a home directly in `/etc/rc.subr'.
> #
> # Alas, if you've read this far, you might be the type to wonder what those
> # two lines at the top (after the shell interpreter invocation-line) do:
> #
> # # -*- tab-width: 4 -*- ;; Emacs
> # # vi: set tabstop=4 :: Vi/ViM
> #
> # The first achieves the amazing feat of getting Emacs to always use real-
> # tab characters while maintaining the visual display of 4-character-wide
> # indentation. Seasoned Emacs users are blissfully unaware that as they
> # modify the file, they are using real tabs versus 4-spaces-then-tab-then-4-
> # spaces-then-tab-...
> #
> # The second line gets vim (and later versions of vi -- but not nvi which
> # is used for vi(1) in FreeBSD) to render real tabs as 4-characters-wide.
> #
> # The two lines together make it so that the file can be passed back-and-
> # forth between different developers using Emacs, Vim and vi. Real tabs are
> # preserved in all editors and developers are encouraged to use real tabs.
> #
> # Vim/vi users are then given the flexibility of redefining at-will the tab
> # width by setting the "ts" internal variable, though Emacs users are
> # discouraged from changing the tab-width since any value other than 4 will
> # cause mixtures of tab-and-space to entered into the file during auto-indent
> # events.
> #
> # Last, my personal coding technique is to code to 80-character-wide terminal
> # widths (while I have tab-width set to 8 in vim -- via ``:set ts=8'').
> # That's just personal preference (because I find resizing a terminal with
> # the mouse to be a heinously-inefficient motion that takes up too much of
> # the time that I could be typing into my shell, coding, or navigating with
> # the keyboard).
> #
> # About Copying (the License):
> #
> # Those that are familiar with the license (displayed above in the COPYING
> # section) will recognize the Berkeley Open License. It is only slightly more
> # restrictive than the in/famous Beer-ware license. You must adhere to the
> # two restrictions above which are simple enough. Display the copyright in
> # any facsimile representations, modified or un-modified.
> #
> # http://www.plainlanguage.gov/
> #
> ############################################################ CONFIGURATION
>
> #
> # Default setting whether to dump a list of internal dependencies upon exit
> #
> : ${SYSRC_SHOW_DEPS:=0}
>
> ############################################################ GLOBALS
>
> # Global exit status variables
> : ${SUCCESS:=0}
> : ${FAILURE:=1}
>
> #
> # Program name
> #
> progname="${0##*/}"
>
> #
> # Options
> #
> SHOW_EQUALS=
> SHOW_NAME=1
>
> # Reserved for internal use
> _depend=
>
> ############################################################ FUNCTION
>
> # fprintf $fd $fmt [ $opts ... ]
> #
> # Like printf, except allows you to print to a specific file-descriptor. Useful
> # for printing to stderr (fd=2) or some other known file-descriptor.
> #
> : dependency checks performed after depend-function declaration
> : function ; fprintf ( ) # $fd $fmt [ $opts ... ]
> {
> local fd=$1
> [ $# -gt 1 ] || return ${FAILURE-1}
> shift 1
> printf "$@" >&$fd
> }
>
> # eprintf $fmt [ $opts ... ]
> #
> # Print a message to stderr (fd=2).
> #
> : dependency checks performed after depend-function declaration
> : function ; eprintf ( ) # $fmt [ $opts ... ]
> {
> fprintf 2 "$@"
> }
>
> # show_deps
> #
> # Print the current list of dependencies.
> #
> : dependency checks performed after depend-function declaration
> : function ; show_deps ( ) #
> {
> if [ "$SYSRC_SHOW_DEPS" = "1" ]; then
> eprintf "Running internal dependency list:\n"
>
> local d
> for d in $_depend; do
> eprintf "\t%-15ss%s\n" "$d" "$( type "$d" )"
> done
> fi
> }
>
> # die [ $err_msg ... ]
> #
> # Optionally print a message to stderr before exiting with failure status.
> #
> : dependency checks performed after depend-function declaration
> : function ; die ( ) # [ $err_msg ... ]
> {
> local fmt="$1"
> [ $# -gt 0 ] && shift 1
> [ "$fmt" ] && eprintf "$fmt\n" "$@"
>
> show_deps
> exit ${FAILURE-1}
> }
>
> # have $anything
> #
> # Used for dependency calculations. Arguments are passed to the `type' built-in
> # to determine if a given command is available (either as a shell built-in or
> # as an external binary). The return status is true if the given argument is
> # for an existing built-in or executable, otherwise false.
> #
> # This is a convenient method for building dependency lists and it aids in the
> # readability of a script. For example,
> #
> # Example 1: have sed || die "sed is missing"
> # Example 2: if have awk; then
> # # We have awk...
> # else
> # # We DON'T have awk...
> # fi
> # Example 3: have reboot && reboot
> #
> : dependency checks performed after depend-function declaration
> : function ; have ( ) # $anything
> {
> type "$@" > /dev/null 2>&1
> }
>
> # depend $name [ $dependency ... ]
> #
> # Add a dependency. Die with error if dependency is not met.
> #
> : dependency checks performed after depend-function declaration
> : function ; depend ( ) # $name [ $dependency ... ]
> {
> local by="$1" arg
> shift 1
>
> for arg in "$@"; do
> local d
> for d in $_depend ""; do
> [ "$d" = "$arg" ] && break
> done
> if [ ! "$d" ]; then
> have "$arg" || die \
> "%s: Missing dependency '%s' required by %s" \
> "${progname:-$0}" "$arg" "$by"
> _depend="$_depend${_depend:+ }$arg"
> fi
> done
> }
>
> #
> # Perform dependency calculations for above rudimentary functions.
> # NOTE: Beyond this point, use the depend-function BEFORE dependency-use
> #
> depend fprintf 'local' '[' 'return' 'shift' 'printf'
> depend eprintf 'fprintf'
> depend show_deps 'if' '[' 'then' 'eprintf' 'local' 'for' 'do' 'done' 'fi'
> depend die 'local' '[' 'shift' 'eprintf' 'show_deps' 'exit'
> depend have 'local' 'type' 'return'
> depend depend 'local' 'shift' 'for' 'do' '[' 'break' 'done' 'if' 'then' \
> 'have' 'die' 'fi'
>
> # usage
> #
> # Prints a short syntax statement and exits.
> #
> depend usage 'local' 'eprintf' 'die'
> : function ; usage ( ) #
> {
> local optfmt="\t%-12s%s\n"
> local envfmt="\t%-22s%s\n"
>
> eprintf "Usage: %s [OPTIONS] name[=value] ...\n" "${progname:-$0}"
>
> eprintf "OPTIONS:\n"
> eprintf "$optfmt" "-h --help" \
> "Print this message to stderr and exit."
> eprintf "$optfmt" "-d" \
> "Print list of internal dependencies before exit."
> eprintf "$optfmt" "-e" \
> "Print query results as \`var=value' (useful for producing"
> eprintf "$optfmt" "" \
> "output to be fed back in). Ignored if -n is specified."
> eprintf "$optfmt" "-n" \
> "Show only variable values, not their names."
> eprintf "\n"
>
> eprintf "ENVIRONMENT:\n"
> eprintf "$envfmt" "SYSRC_SHOW_DEPS" \
> "Dump list of dependencies. Must be zero or one"
> eprintf "$envfmt" "" \
> "(default: \`0')"
> eprintf "$envfmt" "RC_DEFAULTS" \
> "Location of \`/etc/defaults/rc.conf' file."
>
> die
> }
>
> # sysrc $setting
> #
> # Get a system configuration setting from the collection of system-
> # configuration files (in order: /etc/defaults/rc.conf /etc/rc.conf
> # and /etc/rc.conf).
> #
> # Examples:
> #
> # sysrc sshd_enable
> # returns YES or NO
> # sysrc defaultrouter
> # returns IP address of default router (if configured)
> # sysrc 'hostname%%.*'
> # returns $hostname up to (but not including) first `.'
> # sysrc 'network_interfaces%%[$IFS]*'
> # returns first word of $network_interfaces
> # sysrc 'ntpdate_flags##*[$IFS]'
> # returns last word of $ntpdate_flags (time server address)
> # sysrc usbd_flags-"default"
> # returns $usbd_flags or "default" if unset
> # sysrc usbd_flags:-"default"
> # returns $usbd_flags or "default" if unset or NULL
> # sysrc cloned_interfaces+"alternate"
> # returns "alternate" if $cloned_interfaces is set
> # sysrc cloned_interfaces:+"alternate"
> # returns "alternate" if $cloned_interfaces is set and non-NULL
> # sysrc '#kern_securelevel'
> # returns length in characters of $kern_securelevel
> # sysrc 'hostname?'
> # returns NULL and error status 2 if $hostname is unset (or if
> # set, returns the value of $hostname with no error status)
> # sysrc 'hostname:?'
> # returns NULL and error status 2 if $hostname is unset or NULL
> # (or if set and non-NULL, returns value without error status)
> #
> depend sysrc 'local' '[' 'return' '.' 'have' 'eval' 'echo'
> : function ; sysrc ( ) # $varname
> {
> : ${RC_DEFAULTS:="/etc/defaults/rc.conf"}
>
> local defaults="$RC_DEFAULTS"
> local varname="$1"
>
> # Check arguments
> [ -r "$defaults" ] || return
> [ "$varname" ] || return
>
> ( # Execute within sub-shell to protect parent environment
> [ -f "$defaults" -a -r "$defaults" ] && . "$defaults"
> have source_rc_confs && source_rc_confs
> eval echo '"${'"$varname"'}"' 2> /dev/null
> )
> }
>
> # ... | lrev
> # lrev $file ...
> #
> # Reverse lines of input. Unlike rev(1) which reverses the ordering of
> # characters on a single line, this function instead reverses the line
> # sequencing.
> #
> # For example, the following input:
> #
> # Line 1
> # Line 2
> # Line 3
> #
> # Becomes reversed in the following manner:
> #
> # Line 3
> # Line 2
> # Line 1
> #
> depend lrev 'local' 'if' '[' 'then' 'while' 'do' 'shift' 'done' 'else' 'read' \
> 'fi' 'echo'
> : function ; lrev ( ) # $file ...
> {
> local stdin_rev=
> if [ $# -gt 0 ]; then
> #
> # Reverse lines from files passed as positional arguments.
> #
> while [ $# -gt 0 ]; do
> local file="$1"
> [ -f "$file" ] && lrev < "$file"
> shift 1
> done
> else
> #
> # Reverse lines from standard input
> #
> while read -r LINE; do
> stdin_rev="$LINE
> $stdin_rev"
> done
> fi
>
> echo -n "$stdin_rev"
> }
>
> # sysrc_set $setting $new_value
> #
> # Change a setting in the system configuration files (edits the files in-place
> # to change the value in the last assignment to the variable). If the variable
> # does not appear in the source file, it is appended to the end of the primary
> # system configuration file `/etc/rc.conf'.
> #
> depend sysrc_set 'local' 'sysrc' '[' 'return' 'for' 'do' 'done' 'if' 'have' \
> 'then' 'else' 'while' 'read' 'case' 'esac' 'fi' 'break' \
> 'eprintf' 'echo' 'lrev'
> : function ; sysrc_set ( ) # $varname $new_value
> {
> local rc_conf_files="$( sysrc rc_conf_files )"
> local varname="$1" new_value="$2"
> local file conf_files=
>
> # Check arguments
> [ "$rc_conf_files" ] || return ${FAILURE-1}
> [ "$varname" ] || return ${FAILURE-1}
>
> # Reverse the order of files in rc_conf_files
> for file in $rc_conf_files; do
> conf_files="$file${conf_files:+ }$conf_files"
> done
>
> #
> # Determine which file we are to operate on. If no files match, we'll
> # simply append to the last file in the list (`/etc/rc.conf').
> #
> local found=
> local regex="^[[:space:]]*$varname="
> for file in $conf_files; do
> #if have grep; then
> if false; then
> grep -q "$regex" $file && found=1
> else
> while read LINE; do \
> case "$LINE" in \
> $varname=*) found=1;; \
> esac; \
> done < $file
> fi
> [ "$found" ] && break
> done
>
> #
> # Perform sanity checks.
> #
> if [ ! -w $file ]; then
> eprintf "\n%s: cannot create %s: permission denied\n" \
> "${progname:-$0}" "$file"
> return ${FAILURE-1}
> fi
>
> #
> # If not found, append new value to last file and return.
> #
> if [ ! "$found" ]; then
> echo "$varname=\"$new_value\"" >> $file
> return ${SUCCESS-0}
> fi
>
> #
> # Operate on the matching file, replacing only the last occurrence.
> #
> local new_contents="`lrev $file 2> /dev/null | \
> ( found=
> while read -r LINE; do
> if [ ! "$found" ]; then
> #if have grep; then
> if false; then
> match="$( echo "$LINE" | grep "$regex" )"
> else
> case "$LINE" in
> $varname=*) match=1;;
> *) match=;;
> esac
> fi
> if [ "$match" ]; then
> LINE="$varname"'="'"$new_value"'"'
> found=1
> fi
> fi
> echo "$LINE"
> done
> ) | lrev`"
>
> [ "$new_contents" ] \
> && echo "$new_contents" > $file
> }
>
> ############################################################ MAIN SOURCE
>
> #
> # Perform sanity checks
> #
> depend main '[' 'usage'
> [ $# -gt 0 ] || usage
>
> #
> # Process command-line options
> #
> depend main 'while' '[' 'do' 'case' 'usage' 'eprintf' \
> 'break' 'esac' 'shift' 'done'
> while [ $# -gt 0 ]; do
> case "$1" in
> -h|--help) usage;;
> -d) SYSRC_SHOW_DEPS=1;;
> -e) SHOW_EQUALS=1;;
> -n) SHOW_NAME=;;
> -*) eprintf "%s: unrecognized option \`$1'\n" "${progname:-$0}"
> usage;;
> *) # Since it is impossible (in many shells, including bourne, c,
> # tennex-c, and bourne-again) to name a variable beginning with a
> # dash/hyphen [-], we will terminate the option-list at the first
> # item that doesn't begin with a dash.
> break;;
> esac
> shift 1
> done
> [ "$SHOW_NAME" ] || SHOW_EQUALS=
>
> #
> # Process command-line arguments
> #
> depend main '[' 'while' 'do' 'case' 'echo' 'sysrc' 'if' 'sysrc_set' 'then' \
> 'fi' 'esac' 'shift' 'done'
> SEP=': '
> [ "$SHOW_EQUALS" ] && SEP='="'
> while [ $# -gt 0 ]; do
> NAME="${1%%=*}"
> case "$1" in
> *=*)
> echo -n "${SHOW_NAME:+$NAME$SEP}$(
> sysrc "$1" )${SHOW_EQUALS:+\"}"
> if sysrc_set "$NAME" "${1#*=}"; then
> echo " -> $( sysrc "$NAME" )"
> fi
> ;;
> *)
> if ! IGNORED="$( sysrc "$NAME?" )"; then
> echo "${progname:-$0}: unknown variable '$NAME'"
> else
> echo "${SHOW_NAME:+$NAME$SEP}$(
> sysrc "$1" )${SHOW_EQUALS:+\"}"
> fi
> esac
> shift 1
> done
>
> #
> # Ending routines
> #
> depend main 'show_deps'
> show_deps
>
> ################################################################################
> # END
> ################################################################################
> #
> # $Header$
> #
> # $Copyright: 1999-2010. Vicor Inc. All Rights Reserved. $
> #
> # $Log$
> #
> ################################################################################
>
> --
> Cheers,
> Devin Teske
>
> -> CONTACT INFORMATION <-
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> FIS - fisglobal.com
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> 909-477-4578 Home/Fax
> devin.teske at fisglobal.com
>
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--
Cheers,
Devin Teske
-> CONTACT INFORMATION <-
Business Solutions Consultant II
FIS - fisglobal.com
510-735-5650 Mobile
510-621-2038 Office
510-621-2020 Office Fax
909-477-4578 Home/Fax
devin.teske at fisglobal.com
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