svn commit: r276651 - in head: contrib/binutils/bfd/doc contrib/binutils/gas/doc contrib/binutils/ld etc/mtree gnu/usr.bin/binutils gnu/usr.bin/binutils/doc
Baptiste Daroussin
bapt at FreeBSD.org
Sun Jan 4 00:58:32 UTC 2015
Author: bapt
Date: Sun Jan 4 00:58:30 2015
New Revision: 276651
URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/base/276651
Log:
Add pregenerated documentation for as(1) and ld(1)
Added:
head/contrib/binutils/bfd/doc/bfdver.texi
head/contrib/binutils/gas/doc/as.txt (contents, props changed)
head/contrib/binutils/gas/doc/asconfig.texi
head/contrib/binutils/ld/configdoc.texi
- copied unchanged from r276637, head/contrib/binutils/ld/gen-doc.texi
head/contrib/binutils/ld/ld.txt (contents, props changed)
head/gnu/usr.bin/binutils/doc/
head/gnu/usr.bin/binutils/doc/Makefile (contents, props changed)
Modified:
head/etc/mtree/BSD.usr.dist
head/gnu/usr.bin/binutils/Makefile
Added: head/contrib/binutils/bfd/doc/bfdver.texi
==============================================================================
--- /dev/null 00:00:00 1970 (empty, because file is newly added)
+++ head/contrib/binutils/bfd/doc/bfdver.texi Sun Jan 4 00:58:30 2015 (r276651)
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ at set VERSION "2.17.50 [FreeBSD] 2007-07-03"
Added: head/contrib/binutils/gas/doc/as.txt
==============================================================================
--- /dev/null 00:00:00 1970 (empty, because file is newly added)
+++ head/contrib/binutils/gas/doc/as.txt Sun Jan 4 00:58:30 2015 (r276651)
@@ -0,0 +1,13924 @@
+START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
+* As: (as). The GNU assembler.
+* Gas: (as). The GNU assembler.
+END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
+
+Using as
+1 Overview
+ 1.1 Structure of this Manual
+ 1.2 The GNU Assembler
+ 1.3 Object File Formats
+ 1.4 Command Line
+ 1.5 Input Files
+ 1.6 Output (Object) File
+ 1.7 Error and Warning Messages
+2 Command-Line Options
+ 2.1 Enable Listings: '-a[cdhlns]'
+ 2.2 '--alternate'
+ 2.3 '-D'
+ 2.4 Work Faster: '-f'
+ 2.5 '.include' Search Path: '-I' PATH
+ 2.6 Difference Tables: '-K'
+ 2.7 Include Local Symbols: '-L'
+ 2.8 Configuring listing output: '--listing'
+ 2.9 Assemble in MRI Compatibility Mode: '-M'
+ 2.10 Dependency Tracking: '--MD'
+ 2.11 Name the Object File: '-o'
+ 2.12 Join Data and Text Sections: '-R'
+ 2.13 Display Assembly Statistics: '--statistics'
+ 2.14 Compatible Output: '--traditional-format'
+ 2.15 Announce Version: '-v'
+ 2.16 Control Warnings: '-W', '--warn', '--no-warn', '--fatal-warnings'
+ 2.17 Generate Object File in Spite of Errors: '-Z'
+3 Syntax
+ 3.1 Preprocessing
+ 3.2 Whitespace
+ 3.3 Comments
+ 3.4 Symbols
+ 3.5 Statements
+ 3.6 Constants
+ 3.6.1 Character Constants
+ 3.6.1.1 Strings
+ 3.6.1.2 Characters
+ 3.6.2 Number Constants
+ 3.6.2.1 Integers
+ 3.6.2.2 Bignums
+ 3.6.2.3 Flonums
+4 Sections and Relocation
+ 4.1 Background
+ 4.2 Linker Sections
+ 4.3 Assembler Internal Sections
+ 4.4 Sub-Sections
+ 4.5 bss Section
+5 Symbols
+ 5.1 Labels
+ 5.2 Giving Symbols Other Values
+ 5.3 Symbol Names
+ 5.4 The Special Dot Symbol
+ 5.5 Symbol Attributes
+ 5.5.1 Value
+ 5.5.2 Type
+6 Expressions
+ 6.1 Empty Expressions
+ 6.2 Integer Expressions
+ 6.2.1 Arguments
+ 6.2.2 Operators
+ 6.2.3 Prefix Operator
+ 6.2.4 Infix Operators
+7 Assembler Directives
+ 7.1 '.abort'
+ 7.2 '.align ABS-EXPR, ABS-EXPR, ABS-EXPR'
+ 7.3 '.ascii "STRING"'...
+ 7.4 '.asciz "STRING"'...
+ 7.5 '.balign[wl] ABS-EXPR, ABS-EXPR, ABS-EXPR'
+ 7.6 '.byte EXPRESSIONS'
+ 7.7 '.comm SYMBOL , LENGTH '
+ 7.8 '.cfi_startproc [simple]'
+ 7.9 '.cfi_endproc'
+ 7.10 '.cfi_personality ENCODING [, EXP]'
+ 7.11 '.cfi_lsda ENCODING [, EXP]'
+ 7.12 '.cfi_def_cfa REGISTER, OFFSET'
+ 7.13 '.cfi_def_cfa_register REGISTER'
+ 7.14 '.cfi_def_cfa_offset OFFSET'
+ 7.15 '.cfi_adjust_cfa_offset OFFSET'
+ 7.16 '.cfi_offset REGISTER, OFFSET'
+ 7.17 '.cfi_rel_offset REGISTER, OFFSET'
+ 7.18 '.cfi_register REGISTER1, REGISTER2'
+ 7.19 '.cfi_restore REGISTER'
+ 7.20 '.cfi_undefined REGISTER'
+ 7.21 '.cfi_same_value REGISTER'
+ 7.22 '.cfi_remember_state',
+ 7.23 '.cfi_return_column REGISTER'
+ 7.24 '.cfi_signal_frame'
+ 7.25 '.cfi_window_save'
+ 7.26 '.cfi_escape' EXPRESSION[, ...]
+ 7.27 '.file FILENO FILENAME'
+ 7.28 '.loc FILENO LINENO [COLUMN] [OPTIONS]'
+ 7.29 '.loc_mark_blocks ENABLE'
+ 7.30 '.data SUBSECTION'
+ 7.31 '.double FLONUMS'
+ 7.32 '.eject'
+ 7.33 '.else'
+ 7.34 '.elseif'
+ 7.35 '.end'
+ 7.36 '.endfunc'
+ 7.37 '.endif'
+ 7.38 '.equ SYMBOL, EXPRESSION'
+ 7.39 '.equiv SYMBOL, EXPRESSION'
+ 7.40 '.eqv SYMBOL, EXPRESSION'
+ 7.41 '.err'
+ 7.42 '.error "STRING"'
+ 7.43 '.exitm'
+ 7.44 '.extern'
+ 7.45 '.fail EXPRESSION'
+ 7.46 '.file STRING'
+ 7.47 '.fill REPEAT , SIZE , VALUE'
+ 7.48 '.float FLONUMS'
+ 7.49 '.func NAME[,LABEL]'
+ 7.50 '.global SYMBOL', '.globl SYMBOL'
+ 7.51 '.hidden NAMES'
+ 7.52 '.hword EXPRESSIONS'
+ 7.53 '.ident'
+ 7.54 '.if ABSOLUTE EXPRESSION'
+ 7.55 '.incbin "FILE"[,SKIP[,COUNT]]'
+ 7.56 '.include "FILE"'
+ 7.57 '.int EXPRESSIONS'
+ 7.58 '.internal NAMES'
+ 7.59 '.irp SYMBOL,VALUES'...
+ 7.60 '.irpc SYMBOL,VALUES'...
+ 7.61 '.lcomm SYMBOL , LENGTH'
+ 7.62 '.lflags'
+ 7.63 '.line LINE-NUMBER'
+ 7.64 '.linkonce [TYPE]'
+ 7.65 '.ln LINE-NUMBER'
+ 7.66 '.mri VAL'
+ 7.67 '.list'
+ 7.68 '.long EXPRESSIONS'
+ 7.69 '.macro'
+ 7.70 '.altmacro'
+ 7.71 '.noaltmacro'
+ 7.72 '.nolist'
+ 7.73 '.octa BIGNUMS'
+ 7.74 '.org NEW-LC , FILL'
+ 7.75 '.p2align[wl] ABS-EXPR, ABS-EXPR, ABS-EXPR'
+ 7.76 '.previous'
+ 7.77 '.popsection'
+ 7.78 '.print STRING'
+ 7.79 '.protected NAMES'
+ 7.80 '.psize LINES , COLUMNS'
+ 7.81 '.purgem NAME'
+ 7.82 '.pushsection NAME , SUBSECTION'
+ 7.83 '.quad BIGNUMS'
+ 7.84 '.reloc OFFSET, RELOC_NAME[, EXPRESSION]'
+ 7.85 '.rept COUNT'
+ 7.86 '.sbttl "SUBHEADING"'
+ 7.87 '.section NAME'
+ 7.88 '.set SYMBOL, EXPRESSION'
+ 7.89 '.short EXPRESSIONS'
+ 7.90 '.single FLONUMS'
+ 7.91 '.size'
+ 7.92 '.sleb128 EXPRESSIONS'
+ 7.93 '.skip SIZE , FILL'
+ 7.94 '.space SIZE , FILL'
+ 7.95 '.stabd, .stabn, .stabs'
+ 7.96 '.string' "STR"
+ 7.97 '.struct EXPRESSION'
+ 7.98 '.subsection NAME'
+ 7.99 '.symver'
+ 7.100 '.text SUBSECTION'
+ 7.101 '.title "HEADING"'
+ 7.102 '.type'
+ 7.103 '.uleb128 EXPRESSIONS'
+ 7.104 '.version "STRING"'
+ 7.105 '.vtable_entry TABLE, OFFSET'
+ 7.106 '.vtable_inherit CHILD, PARENT'
+ 7.107 '.warning "STRING"'
+ 7.108 '.weak NAMES'
+ 7.109 '.weakref ALIAS, TARGET'
+ 7.110 '.word EXPRESSIONS'
+ 7.111 Deprecated Directives
+8 ARM Dependent Features
+ 8.1 Options
+ 8.2 Syntax
+ 8.2.1 Special Characters
+ 8.2.2 Register Names
+ 8.2.3 ARM relocation generation
+ 8.3 Floating Point
+ 8.4 ARM Machine Directives
+ 8.5 Opcodes
+ 8.6 Mapping Symbols
+9 80386 Dependent Features
+ 9.1 Options
+ 9.2 AT&T Syntax versus Intel Syntax
+ 9.3 Instruction Naming
+ 9.4 Register Naming
+ 9.5 Instruction Prefixes
+ 9.6 Memory References
+ 9.7 Handling of Jump Instructions
+ 9.8 Floating Point
+ 9.9 Intel's MMX and AMD's 3DNow! SIMD Operations
+ 9.10 Writing 16-bit Code
+ 9.11 AT&T Syntax bugs
+ 9.12 Specifying CPU Architecture
+ 9.13 Notes
+10 IA-64 Dependent Features
+ 10.1 Options
+ 10.2 Syntax
+ 10.2.1 Special Characters
+ 10.2.2 Register Names
+ 10.2.3 IA-64 Processor-Status-Register (PSR) Bit Names
+ 10.3 Opcodes
+11 MIPS Dependent Features
+ 11.1 Assembler options
+ 11.2 MIPS ECOFF object code
+ 11.3 Directives for debugging information
+ 11.4 Directives to override the size of symbols
+ 11.5 Directives to override the ISA level
+ 11.6 Directives for extending MIPS 16 bit instructions
+ 11.7 Directive to mark data as an instruction
+ 11.8 Directives to save and restore options
+ 11.9 Directives to control generation of MIPS ASE instructions
+12 PowerPC Dependent Features
+ 12.1 Options
+ 12.2 PowerPC Assembler Directives
+13 SPARC Dependent Features
+ 13.1 Options
+ 13.2 Enforcing aligned data
+ 13.3 Floating Point
+ 13.4 Sparc Machine Directives
+14 Reporting Bugs
+ 14.1 Have You Found a Bug?
+ 14.2 How to Report Bugs
+15 Acknowledgements
+Appendix A GNU Free Documentation License
+ ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents
+AS Index
+Using as
+********
+
+This file is a user guide to the GNU assembler 'as' version "2.17.50
+[FreeBSD] 2007-07-03". This version of the file describes 'as'
+configured to generate code for machine specific architectures.
+
+ This document is distributed under the terms of the GNU Free
+Documentation License. A copy of the license is included in the section
+entitled "GNU Free Documentation License".
+
+1 Overview
+**********
+
+Here is a brief summary of how to invoke 'as'. For details, see *note
+Command-Line Options: Invoking.
+
+ as [-a[cdhlns][=FILE]] [-alternate] [-D]
+ [-defsym SYM=VAL] [-f] [-g] [-gstabs]
+ [-gstabs+] [-gdwarf-2] [-help] [-I DIR] [-J]
+ [-K] [-L] [-listing-lhs-width=NUM]
+ [-listing-lhs-width2=NUM] [-listing-rhs-width=NUM]
+ [-listing-cont-lines=NUM] [-keep-locals] [-o
+ OBJFILE] [-R] [-reduce-memory-overheads] [-statistics]
+ [-v] [-version] [-version] [-W] [-warn]
+ [-fatal-warnings] [-w] [-x] [-Z] [@FILE]
+ [-target-help] [TARGET-OPTIONS]
+ [-|FILES ...]
+
+ _Target ARM options:_
+ [-mcpu=PROCESSOR[+EXTENSION...]]
+ [-march=ARCHITECTURE[+EXTENSION...]]
+ [-mfpu=FLOATING-POINT-FORMAT]
+ [-mfloat-abi=ABI]
+ [-meabi=VER]
+ [-mthumb]
+ [-EB|-EL]
+ [-mapcs-32|-mapcs-26|-mapcs-float|
+ -mapcs-reentrant]
+ [-mthumb-interwork] [-k]
+
+ _Target i386 options:_
+ [-32|-64] [-n]
+ [-march=CPU] [-mtune=CPU]
+
+ _Target IA-64 options:_
+ [-mconstant-gp|-mauto-pic]
+ [-milp32|-milp64|-mlp64|-mp64]
+ [-mle|mbe]
+ [-mtune=itanium1|-mtune=itanium2]
+ [-munwind-check=warning|-munwind-check=error]
+ [-mhint.b=ok|-mhint.b=warning|-mhint.b=error]
+ [-x|-xexplicit] [-xauto] [-xdebug]
+
+ _Target MIPS options:_
+ [-nocpp] [-EL] [-EB] [-O[OPTIMIZATION LEVEL]]
+ [-g[DEBUG LEVEL]] [-G NUM] [-KPIC] [-call_shared]
+ [-non_shared] [-xgot [-mvxworks-pic]
+ [-mabi=ABI] [-32] [-n32] [-64] [-mfp32] [-mgp32]
+ [-march=CPU] [-mtune=CPU] [-mips1] [-mips2]
+ [-mips3] [-mips4] [-mips5] [-mips32] [-mips32r2]
+ [-mips64] [-mips64r2]
+ [-construct-floats] [-no-construct-floats]
+ [-trap] [-no-break] [-break] [-no-trap]
+ [-mfix7000] [-mno-fix7000]
+ [-mips16] [-no-mips16]
+ [-msmartmips] [-mno-smartmips]
+ [-mips3d] [-no-mips3d]
+ [-mdmx] [-no-mdmx]
+ [-mdsp] [-mno-dsp]
+ [-mdspr2] [-mno-dspr2]
+ [-mmt] [-mno-mt]
+ [-mdebug] [-no-mdebug]
+ [-mpdr] [-mno-pdr]
+
+ _Target PowerPC options:_
+ [-mpwrx|-mpwr2|-mpwr|-m601|-mppc|-mppc32|-m603|-m604|
+ -m403|-m405|-mppc64|-m620|-mppc64bridge|-mbooke|
+ -mbooke32|-mbooke64]
+ [-mcom|-many|-maltivec] [-memb]
+ [-mregnames|-mno-regnames]
+ [-mrelocatable|-mrelocatable-lib]
+ [-mlittle|-mlittle-endian|-mbig|-mbig-endian]
+ [-msolaris|-mno-solaris]
+
+ _Target SPARC options:_
+ [-Av6|-Av7|-Av8|-Asparclet|-Asparclite
+ -Av8plus|-Av8plusa|-Av9|-Av9a]
+ [-xarch=v8plus|-xarch=v8plusa] [-bump]
+ [-32|-64]
+
+
+
+'@FILE'
+ Read command-line options from FILE. The options read are inserted
+ in place of the original @FILE option. If FILE does not exist, or
+ cannot be read, then the option will be treated literally, and not
+ removed.
+
+ Options in FILE are separated by whitespace. A whitespace
+ character may be included in an option by surrounding the entire
+ option in either single or double quotes. Any character (including
+ a backslash) may be included by prefixing the character to be
+ included with a backslash. The FILE may itself contain additional
+ @FILE options; any such options will be processed recursively.
+
+'-a[cdhlmns]'
+ Turn on listings, in any of a variety of ways:
+
+ '-ac'
+ omit false conditionals
+
+ '-ad'
+ omit debugging directives
+
+ '-ah'
+ include high-level source
+
+ '-al'
+ include assembly
+
+ '-am'
+ include macro expansions
+
+ '-an'
+ omit forms processing
+
+ '-as'
+ include symbols
+
+ '=file'
+ set the name of the listing file
+
+ You may combine these options; for example, use '-aln' for assembly
+ listing without forms processing. The '=file' option, if used,
+ must be the last one. By itself, '-a' defaults to '-ahls'.
+
+'--alternate'
+ Begin in alternate macro mode. *Note '.altmacro': Altmacro.
+
+'-D'
+ Ignored. This option is accepted for script compatibility with
+ calls to other assemblers.
+
+'--defsym SYM=VALUE'
+ Define the symbol SYM to be VALUE before assembling the input file.
+ VALUE must be an integer constant. As in C, a leading '0x'
+ indicates a hexadecimal value, and a leading '0' indicates an octal
+ value. The value of the symbol can be overridden inside a source
+ file via the use of a '.set' pseudo-op.
+
+'-f'
+ "fast"--skip whitespace and comment preprocessing (assume source is
+ compiler output).
+
+'-g'
+'--gen-debug'
+ Generate debugging information for each assembler source line using
+ whichever debug format is preferred by the target. This currently
+ means either STABS, ECOFF or DWARF2.
+
+'--gstabs'
+ Generate stabs debugging information for each assembler line. This
+ may help debugging assembler code, if the debugger can handle it.
+
+'--gstabs+'
+ Generate stabs debugging information for each assembler line, with
+ GNU extensions that probably only gdb can handle, and that could
+ make other debuggers crash or refuse to read your program. This
+ may help debugging assembler code. Currently the only GNU
+ extension is the location of the current working directory at
+ assembling time.
+
+'--gdwarf-2'
+ Generate DWARF2 debugging information for each assembler line.
+ This may help debugging assembler code, if the debugger can handle
+ it. Note--this option is only supported by some targets, not all
+ of them.
+
+'--help'
+ Print a summary of the command line options and exit.
+
+'--target-help'
+ Print a summary of all target specific options and exit.
+
+'-I DIR'
+ Add directory DIR to the search list for '.include' directives.
+
+'-J'
+ Don't warn about signed overflow.
+
+'-K'
+ This option is accepted but has no effect on the machine specific
+ family.
+
+'-L'
+'--keep-locals'
+ Keep (in the symbol table) local symbols. These symbols start with
+ system-specific local label prefixes, typically '.L' for ELF
+ systems or 'L' for traditional a.out systems. *Note Symbol
+ Names::.
+
+'--listing-lhs-width=NUMBER'
+ Set the maximum width, in words, of the output data column for an
+ assembler listing to NUMBER.
+
+'--listing-lhs-width2=NUMBER'
+ Set the maximum width, in words, of the output data column for
+ continuation lines in an assembler listing to NUMBER.
+
+'--listing-rhs-width=NUMBER'
+ Set the maximum width of an input source line, as displayed in a
+ listing, to NUMBER bytes.
+
+'--listing-cont-lines=NUMBER'
+ Set the maximum number of lines printed in a listing for a single
+ line of input to NUMBER + 1.
+
+'-o OBJFILE'
+ Name the object-file output from 'as' OBJFILE.
+
+'-R'
+ Fold the data section into the text section.
+
+ Set the default size of GAS's hash tables to a prime number close
+ to NUMBER. Increasing this value can reduce the length of time it
+ takes the assembler to perform its tasks, at the expense of
+ increasing the assembler's memory requirements. Similarly reducing
+ this value can reduce the memory requirements at the expense of
+ speed.
+
+'--reduce-memory-overheads'
+ This option reduces GAS's memory requirements, at the expense of
+ making the assembly processes slower. Currently this switch is a
+ synonym for '--hash-size=4051', but in the future it may have other
+ effects as well.
+
+'--statistics'
+ Print the maximum space (in bytes) and total time (in seconds) used
+ by assembly.
+
+'--strip-local-absolute'
+ Remove local absolute symbols from the outgoing symbol table.
+
+'-v'
+'-version'
+ Print the 'as' version.
+
+'--version'
+ Print the 'as' version and exit.
+
+'-W'
+'--no-warn'
+ Suppress warning messages.
+
+'--fatal-warnings'
+ Treat warnings as errors.
+
+'--warn'
+ Don't suppress warning messages or treat them as errors.
+
+'-w'
+ Ignored.
+
+'-x'
+ Ignored.
+
+'-Z'
+ Generate an object file even after errors.
+
+'-- | FILES ...'
+ Standard input, or source files to assemble.
+
+ The following options are available when as is configured for the ARM
+processor family.
+
+'-mcpu=PROCESSOR[+EXTENSION...]'
+ Specify which ARM processor variant is the target.
+'-march=ARCHITECTURE[+EXTENSION...]'
+ Specify which ARM architecture variant is used by the target.
+'-mfpu=FLOATING-POINT-FORMAT'
+ Select which Floating Point architecture is the target.
+'-mfloat-abi=ABI'
+ Select which floating point ABI is in use.
+'-mthumb'
+ Enable Thumb only instruction decoding.
+'-mapcs-32 | -mapcs-26 | -mapcs-float | -mapcs-reentrant'
+ Select which procedure calling convention is in use.
+'-EB | -EL'
+ Select either big-endian (-EB) or little-endian (-EL) output.
+'-mthumb-interwork'
+ Specify that the code has been generated with interworking between
+ Thumb and ARM code in mind.
+'-k'
+ Specify that PIC code has been generated.
+
+ The following options are available when 'as' is configured for the
+SPARC architecture:
+
+'-Av6 | -Av7 | -Av8 | -Asparclet | -Asparclite'
+'-Av8plus | -Av8plusa | -Av9 | -Av9a'
+ Explicitly select a variant of the SPARC architecture.
+
+ '-Av8plus' and '-Av8plusa' select a 32 bit environment. '-Av9' and
+ '-Av9a' select a 64 bit environment.
+
+ '-Av8plusa' and '-Av9a' enable the SPARC V9 instruction set with
+ UltraSPARC extensions.
+
+'-xarch=v8plus | -xarch=v8plusa'
+ For compatibility with the Solaris v9 assembler. These options are
+ equivalent to -Av8plus and -Av8plusa, respectively.
+
+'-bump'
+ Warn when the assembler switches to another architecture.
+
+ The following options are available when as is configured for a MIPS
+processor.
+
+'-G NUM'
+ This option sets the largest size of an object that can be
+ referenced implicitly with the 'gp' register. It is only accepted
+ for targets that use ECOFF format, such as a DECstation running
+ Ultrix. The default value is 8.
+
+'-EB'
+ Generate "big endian" format output.
+
+'-EL'
+ Generate "little endian" format output.
+
+'-mips1'
+'-mips2'
+'-mips3'
+'-mips4'
+'-mips5'
+'-mips32'
+'-mips32r2'
+'-mips64'
+'-mips64r2'
+ Generate code for a particular MIPS Instruction Set Architecture
+ level. '-mips1' is an alias for '-march=r3000', '-mips2' is an
+ alias for '-march=r6000', '-mips3' is an alias for '-march=r4000'
+ and '-mips4' is an alias for '-march=r8000'. '-mips5', '-mips32',
+ '-mips32r2', '-mips64', and '-mips64r2' correspond to generic 'MIPS
+ V', 'MIPS32', 'MIPS32 Release 2', 'MIPS64', and 'MIPS64 Release 2'
+ ISA processors, respectively.
+
+'-march=CPU'
+ Generate code for a particular MIPS cpu.
+
+'-mtune=CPU'
+ Schedule and tune for a particular MIPS cpu.
+
+'-mfix7000'
+'-mno-fix7000'
+ Cause nops to be inserted if the read of the destination register
+ of an mfhi or mflo instruction occurs in the following two
+ instructions.
+
+'-mdebug'
+'-no-mdebug'
+ Cause stabs-style debugging output to go into an ECOFF-style
+ .mdebug section instead of the standard ELF .stabs sections.
+
+'-mpdr'
+'-mno-pdr'
+ Control generation of '.pdr' sections.
+
+'-mgp32'
+'-mfp32'
+ The register sizes are normally inferred from the ISA and ABI, but
+ these flags force a certain group of registers to be treated as 32
+ bits wide at all times. '-mgp32' controls the size of
+ general-purpose registers and '-mfp32' controls the size of
+ floating-point registers.
+
+'-mips16'
+'-no-mips16'
+ Generate code for the MIPS 16 processor. This is equivalent to
+ putting '.set mips16' at the start of the assembly file.
+ '-no-mips16' turns off this option.
+
+'-msmartmips'
+'-mno-smartmips'
+ Enables the SmartMIPS extension to the MIPS32 instruction set.
+ This is equivalent to putting '.set smartmips' at the start of the
+ assembly file. '-mno-smartmips' turns off this option.
+
+'-mips3d'
+'-no-mips3d'
+ Generate code for the MIPS-3D Application Specific Extension. This
+ tells the assembler to accept MIPS-3D instructions. '-no-mips3d'
+ turns off this option.
+
+'-mdmx'
+'-no-mdmx'
+ Generate code for the MDMX Application Specific Extension. This
+ tells the assembler to accept MDMX instructions. '-no-mdmx' turns
+ off this option.
+
+'-mdsp'
+'-mno-dsp'
+ Generate code for the DSP Release 1 Application Specific Extension.
+ This tells the assembler to accept DSP Release 1 instructions.
+ '-mno-dsp' turns off this option.
+
+'-mdspr2'
+'-mno-dspr2'
+ Generate code for the DSP Release 2 Application Specific Extension.
+ This option implies -mdsp. This tells the assembler to accept DSP
+ Release 2 instructions. '-mno-dspr2' turns off this option.
+
+'-mmt'
+'-mno-mt'
+ Generate code for the MT Application Specific Extension. This
+ tells the assembler to accept MT instructions. '-mno-mt' turns off
+ this option.
+
+'--construct-floats'
+'--no-construct-floats'
+ The '--no-construct-floats' option disables the construction of
+ double width floating point constants by loading the two halves of
+ the value into the two single width floating point registers that
+ make up the double width register. By default '--construct-floats'
+ is selected, allowing construction of these floating point
+ constants.
+
+'--emulation=NAME'
+ This option causes 'as' to emulate 'as' configured for some other
+ target, in all respects, including output format (choosing between
+ ELF and ECOFF only), handling of pseudo-opcodes which may generate
+ debugging information or store symbol table information, and
+ default endianness. The available configuration names are:
+ 'mipsecoff', 'mipself', 'mipslecoff', 'mipsbecoff', 'mipslelf',
+ 'mipsbelf'. The first two do not alter the default endianness from
+ that of the primary target for which the assembler was configured;
+ the others change the default to little- or big-endian as indicated
+ by the 'b' or 'l' in the name. Using '-EB' or '-EL' will override
+ the endianness selection in any case.
+
+ This option is currently supported only when the primary target
+ 'as' is configured for is a MIPS ELF or ECOFF target. Furthermore,
+ the primary target or others specified with '--enable-targets=...'
+ at configuration time must include support for the other format, if
+ both are to be available. For example, the Irix 5 configuration
+ includes support for both.
+
+ Eventually, this option will support more configurations, with more
+ fine-grained control over the assembler's behavior, and will be
+ supported for more processors.
+
+'-nocpp'
+ 'as' ignores this option. It is accepted for compatibility with
+ the native tools.
+
+'--trap'
+'--no-trap'
+'--break'
+'--no-break'
+ Control how to deal with multiplication overflow and division by
+ zero. '--trap' or '--no-break' (which are synonyms) take a trap
+ exception (and only work for Instruction Set Architecture level 2
+ and higher); '--break' or '--no-trap' (also synonyms, and the
+ default) take a break exception.
+
+'-n'
+ When this option is used, 'as' will issue a warning every time it
+ generates a nop instruction from a macro.
+
+1.1 Structure of this Manual
+============================
+
+This manual is intended to describe what you need to know to use GNU
+'as'. We cover the syntax expected in source files, including notation
+for symbols, constants, and expressions; the directives that 'as'
+understands; and of course how to invoke 'as'.
+
+ We also cover special features in the machine specific configuration
+of 'as', including assembler directives.
+
+ On the other hand, this manual is _not_ intended as an introduction
+to programming in assembly language--let alone programming in general!
+In a similar vein, we make no attempt to introduce the machine
+architecture; we do _not_ describe the instruction set, standard
+mnemonics, registers or addressing modes that are standard to a
+particular architecture.
+
+1.2 The GNU Assembler
+=====================
+
+GNU 'as' is really a family of assemblers. This manual describes 'as',
+a member of that family which is configured for the machine specific
+architectures. If you use (or have used) the GNU assembler on one
+architecture, you should find a fairly similar environment when you use
+it on another architecture. Each version has much in common with the
+others, including object file formats, most assembler directives (often
+called "pseudo-ops") and assembler syntax.
+
+ 'as' is primarily intended to assemble the output of the GNU C
+compiler 'gcc' for use by the linker 'ld'. Nevertheless, we've tried to
+make 'as' assemble correctly everything that other assemblers for the
+same machine would assemble.
+
+ Unlike older assemblers, 'as' is designed to assemble a source
+program in one pass of the source file. This has a subtle impact on the
+'.org' directive (*note '.org': Org.).
+
+1.3 Object File Formats
+=======================
+
+The GNU assembler can be configured to produce several alternative
+object file formats. For the most part, this does not affect how you
+write assembly language programs; but directives for debugging symbols
+are typically different in different file formats. *Note Symbol
+Attributes: Symbol Attributes. For the machine specific target, 'as' is
+configured to produce ELF format object files.
+
+1.4 Command Line
+================
+
+After the program name 'as', the command line may contain options and
+file names. Options may appear in any order, and may be before, after,
+or between file names. The order of file names is significant.
+
+ '--' (two hyphens) by itself names the standard input file
+explicitly, as one of the files for 'as' to assemble.
+
+ Except for '--' any command line argument that begins with a hyphen
+('-') is an option. Each option changes the behavior of 'as'. No
+option changes the way another option works. An option is a '-'
+followed by one or more letters; the case of the letter is important.
+All options are optional.
+
+ Some options expect exactly one file name to follow them. The file
+name may either immediately follow the option's letter (compatible with
+older assemblers) or it may be the next command argument (GNU standard).
+These two command lines are equivalent:
+
+ as -o my-object-file.o mumble.s
+ as -omy-object-file.o mumble.s
+
+1.5 Input Files
+===============
+
+We use the phrase "source program", abbreviated "source", to describe
+the program input to one run of 'as'. The program may be in one or more
+files; how the source is partitioned into files doesn't change the
+meaning of the source.
+
+ The source program is a concatenation of the text in all the files,
+in the order specified.
+
+ Each time you run 'as' it assembles exactly one source program. The
+source program is made up of one or more files. (The standard input is
+also a file.)
+
+ You give 'as' a command line that has zero or more input file names.
+The input files are read (from left file name to right). A command line
+argument (in any position) that has no special meaning is taken to be an
+input file name.
+
+ If you give 'as' no file names it attempts to read one input file
+from the 'as' standard input, which is normally your terminal. You may
+have to type <ctl-D> to tell 'as' there is no more program to assemble.
+
+ Use '--' if you need to explicitly name the standard input file in
+your command line.
+
+ If the source is empty, 'as' produces a small, empty object file.
+
+Filenames and Line-numbers
+--------------------------
+
+There are two ways of locating a line in the input file (or files) and
+either may be used in reporting error messages. One way refers to a
+line number in a physical file; the other refers to a line number in a
+"logical" file. *Note Error and Warning Messages: Errors.
+
+ "Physical files" are those files named in the command line given to
+'as'.
+
+ "Logical files" are simply names declared explicitly by assembler
+directives; they bear no relation to physical files. Logical file names
+help error messages reflect the original source file, when 'as' source
+is itself synthesized from other files. 'as' understands the '#'
+directives emitted by the 'gcc' preprocessor. See also *note '.file':
+File.
+
+1.6 Output (Object) File
+========================
+
+Every time you run 'as' it produces an output file, which is your
+assembly language program translated into numbers. This file is the
+object file. Its default name is 'a.out'. You can give it another name
+by using the '-o' option. Conventionally, object file names end with
+'.o'. The default name is used for historical reasons: older assemblers
+were capable of assembling self-contained programs directly into a
+runnable program. (For some formats, this isn't currently possible, but
+it can be done for the 'a.out' format.)
+
+ The object file is meant for input to the linker 'ld'. It contains
+assembled program code, information to help 'ld' integrate the assembled
+program into a runnable file, and (optionally) symbolic information for
+the debugger.
+
+1.7 Error and Warning Messages
+==============================
+
+'as' may write warnings and error messages to the standard error file
+(usually your terminal). This should not happen when a compiler runs
+'as' automatically. Warnings report an assumption made so that 'as'
+could keep assembling a flawed program; errors report a grave problem
+that stops the assembly.
+
+ Warning messages have the format
+
+ file_name:NNN:Warning Message Text
+
+(where NNN is a line number). If a logical file name has been given
+(*note '.file': File.) it is used for the filename, otherwise the name
+of the current input file is used. If a logical line number was given
+then it is used to calculate the number printed, otherwise the actual
+line in the current source file is printed. The message text is
+intended to be self explanatory (in the grand Unix tradition).
+
+ Error messages have the format
+ file_name:NNN:FATAL:Error Message Text
+ The file name and line number are derived as for warning messages.
+The actual message text may be rather less explanatory because many of
+them aren't supposed to happen.
+
+2 Command-Line Options
+**********************
+
+This chapter describes command-line options available in _all_ versions
+of the GNU assembler; see *note Machine Dependencies::, for options
+specific to the machine specific target.
+
+ If you are invoking 'as' via the GNU C compiler, you can use the
+'-Wa' option to pass arguments through to the assembler. The assembler
+arguments must be separated from each other (and the '-Wa') by commas.
+For example:
+
+ gcc -c -g -O -Wa,-alh,-L file.c
+
+This passes two options to the assembler: '-alh' (emit a listing to
+standard output with high-level and assembly source) and '-L' (retain
+local symbols in the symbol table).
+
+ Usually you do not need to use this '-Wa' mechanism, since many
+compiler command-line options are automatically passed to the assembler
+by the compiler. (You can call the GNU compiler driver with the '-v'
+option to see precisely what options it passes to each compilation pass,
+including the assembler.)
+
+2.1 Enable Listings: '-a[cdhlns]'
+=================================
+
+These options enable listing output from the assembler. By itself, '-a'
+requests high-level, assembly, and symbols listing. You can use other
+letters to select specific options for the list: '-ah' requests a
+high-level language listing, '-al' requests an output-program assembly
+listing, and '-as' requests a symbol table listing. High-level listings
+require that a compiler debugging option like '-g' be used, and that
+assembly listings ('-al') be requested also.
+
+ Use the '-ac' option to omit false conditionals from a listing. Any
+lines which are not assembled because of a false '.if' (or '.ifdef', or
+any other conditional), or a true '.if' followed by an '.else', will be
+omitted from the listing.
+
+ Use the '-ad' option to omit debugging directives from the listing.
+
+ Once you have specified one of these options, you can further control
+listing output and its appearance using the directives '.list',
+'.nolist', '.psize', '.eject', '.title', and '.sbttl'. The '-an' option
+turns off all forms processing. If you do not request listing output
+with one of the '-a' options, the listing-control directives have no
+effect.
+
+ The letters after '-a' may be combined into one option, _e.g._,
+'-aln'.
+
+ Note if the assembler source is coming from the standard input (e.g.,
+because it is being created by 'gcc' and the '-pipe' command line switch
+is being used) then the listing will not contain any comments or
+preprocessor directives. This is because the listing code buffers input
+source lines from stdin only after they have been preprocessed by the
+assembler. This reduces memory usage and makes the code more efficient.
+
+2.2 '--alternate'
+=================
+
+Begin in alternate macro mode, see *note '.altmacro': Altmacro.
+
+2.3 '-D'
+========
+
+This option has no effect whatsoever, but it is accepted to make it more
+likely that scripts written for other assemblers also work with 'as'.
+
+2.4 Work Faster: '-f'
+=====================
+
+'-f' should only be used when assembling programs written by a (trusted)
+compiler. '-f' stops the assembler from doing whitespace and comment
+preprocessing on the input file(s) before assembling them. *Note
+Preprocessing: Preprocessing.
+
+ _Warning:_ if you use '-f' when the files actually need to be
+ preprocessed (if they contain comments, for example), 'as' does not
+ work correctly.
+
+2.5 '.include' Search Path: '-I' PATH
+=====================================
+
+Use this option to add a PATH to the list of directories 'as' searches
+for files specified in '.include' directives (*note '.include':
+Include.). You may use '-I' as many times as necessary to include a
+variety of paths. The current working directory is always searched
+first; after that, 'as' searches any '-I' directories in the same order
+as they were specified (left to right) on the command line.
+
+2.6 Difference Tables: '-K'
+===========================
+
+On the machine specific family, this option is allowed, but has no
+effect. It is permitted for compatibility with the GNU assembler on
+other platforms, where it can be used to warn when the assembler alters
+the machine code generated for '.word' directives in difference tables.
+The machine specific family does not have the addressing limitations
+that sometimes lead to this alteration on other platforms.
+
+2.7 Include Local Symbols: '-L'
+===============================
+
+Symbols beginning with system-specific local label prefixes, typically
+'.L' for ELF systems or 'L' for traditional a.out systems, are called
+"local symbols". *Note Symbol Names::. Normally you do not see such
+symbols when debugging, because they are intended for the use of
+programs (like compilers) that compose assembler programs, not for your
+notice. Normally both 'as' and 'ld' discard such symbols, so you do not
+normally debug with them.
+
+ This option tells 'as' to retain those local symbols in the object
+file. Usually if you do this you also tell the linker 'ld' to preserve
+those symbols.
+
+2.8 Configuring listing output: '--listing'
+===========================================
+
+The listing feature of the assembler can be enabled via the command line
+switch '-a' (*note a::). This feature combines the input source file(s)
+with a hex dump of the corresponding locations in the output object
+file, and displays them as a listing file. The format of this listing
+can be controlled by directives inside the assembler source (i.e.,
+'.list' (*note List::), '.title' (*note Title::), '.sbttl' (*note
*** DIFF OUTPUT TRUNCATED AT 1000 LINES ***
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