svn commit: r43745 - head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/cutting-edge
Dru Lavigne
dru at FreeBSD.org
Tue Feb 4 00:48:13 UTC 2014
Author: dru
Date: Tue Feb 4 00:48:13 2014
New Revision: 43745
URL: http://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/43745
Log:
Edits to first section of Updating section.
Improve the introduction.
Update the config file entries.
Sponsored by: iXsystems
Modified:
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/cutting-edge/chapter.xml
Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/cutting-edge/chapter.xml
==============================================================================
--- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/cutting-edge/chapter.xml Tue Feb 4 00:31:27 2014 (r43744)
+++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/cutting-edge/chapter.xml Tue Feb 4 00:48:13 2014 (r43745)
@@ -160,63 +160,68 @@
<see>updating-upgrading</see>
</indexterm>
- <para>Applying security patches is an important part of
- maintaining computer software, especially the operating system.
- For the longest time on &os;, this process was not an easy one.
- Patches had to be applied to the source code, the code rebuilt
- into binaries, and then the binaries had to be
- re-installed.</para>
-
- <para>This is no longer the case as &os; now includes a utility
- called <command>freebsd-update</command>. This utility
- provides two separate functions. First, it allows for binary
- security and errata updates to be applied to the &os; base
- system without the build and install requirements. Second, the
- utility supports minor and major release upgrades.</para>
-
- <note>
- <para>Binary updates are available for all architectures and
- releases currently supported by the security team. Before
- updating to a new release, its release announcement should be
- reviewed as it contains important information pertinent to the
+ <para>Applying security patches in a timely manner and
+ upgrading to a newer release of
+ an operating system are important aspects of
+ ongoing system administration.
+ &os; includes a utility
+ called <command>freebsd-update</command> which can be used to
+ perform both these tasks.</para>
+
+ <para>This utility supports binary
+ security and errata updates to &os;,
+ without the need to manually compile and install the patch or a
+ new kernel. Binary updates are available for all architectures and
+ releases currently supported by the security team. The list of
+ supported releases and their estimated end-of-life dates are listed at <uri
+ xlink:href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/security/">http://www.FreeBSD.org/security/</uri>.</para>
+
+ <para>This utility also supports operating system upgrades to minor point
+ releases as well as upgrades to another release branch. Before
+ upgrading to a new release, review its release announcement
+ as it contains important information pertinent to the
release. Release announcements are available from <uri
xlink:href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/">http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/</uri>.</para>
- </note>
-
+
+ <note>
<para>If a <command>crontab</command> utilizing the features
of &man.freebsd-update.8; exists, it must be
- disabled before the following operation is started.</para>
+ disabled before upgrading the operating system.</para>
+ </note>
+
+ <para>This section describes the configuration file used by
+ <command>freebsd-update</command>, demonstrates how to
+ apply a security patch and how to upgrade to a minor or major
+ operating system release, and discusses some of the considerations
+ when upgrading the operating system.</para>
<sect2 xml:id="freebsdupdate-config-file">
<title>The Configuration File</title>
- <para>Some users may wish to tweak the default configuration
+ <para>The default configuration file for
+ <command>freebsd-update</command> works as-is. Some users may wish to tweak the default configuration
in <filename>/etc/freebsd-update.conf</filename>, allowing
- better control of the process. The options are well
- documented, but the following may require a bit more
+ better control of the process. The comments in this file explain the available options,
+ but the following may require a bit more
explanation:</para>
<programlisting># Components of the base system which should be kept updated.
-Components src world kernel</programlisting>
+Components world kernel</programlisting>
<para>This parameter controls which parts of &os; will be kept
- up-to-date. The default is to update the source code, the
- entire base system, and the kernel. Components are the same
- as those available during installation. For instance, adding
- <literal>world/games</literal> would allow game patches to be
- applied. Using <literal>src/bin</literal> would allow the
- source code in <filename>src/bin</filename>
- to be updated.</para>
-
- <para>The best option is to leave this at the default as
- changing it to include specific items requires the user to
- list every item to be updated. This could have disastrous
+ up-to-date. The default is to update the
+ entire base system and the kernel. Individual components can
+ instead be specified, such as
+ <literal>src/base</literal> or
+ <literal>src/sys</literal>. However, the best option is to leave this at the default as
+ changing it to include specific items requires
+ every needed item to be listed. Over time, this could have disastrous
consequences as source code and binaries may become out of
sync.</para>
<programlisting># Paths which start with anything matching an entry in an IgnorePaths
# statement will be ignored.
-IgnorePaths</programlisting>
+IgnorePaths /boot/kernel/linker.hints</programlisting>
<para>To leave specified directories, such as
<filename>/bin</filename> or
@@ -233,7 +238,7 @@ UpdateIfUnmodified /etc/ /var/ /root/ /.
<para>This option will only update unmodified configuration
files in the specified directories. Any changes made by the
- user will invalidate the automatic updating of these files.
+ user will prevent the automatic updating of these files.
There is another option,
<literal>KeepModifiedMetadata</literal>, which will instruct
<command>freebsd-update</command> to save the changes during
@@ -241,14 +246,14 @@ UpdateIfUnmodified /etc/ /var/ /root/ /.
<programlisting># When upgrading to a new &os; release, files which match MergeChanges
# will have any local changes merged into the version from the new release.
-MergeChanges /etc/ /var/named/etc/</programlisting>
+MergeChanges /etc/ /var/named/etc/ /boot/device.hints</programlisting>
<para>List of directories with configuration files that
<command>freebsd-update</command> should attempt to merge.
The file merge process is a series of &man.diff.1; patches
similar to &man.mergemaster.8;, but with fewer options.
- Merges are either accepted, open an editor, or
- <command>freebsd-update</command> will abort. When in doubt,
+ Merges are either accepted, open an editor, or cause
+ <command>freebsd-update</command> to abort. When in doubt,
backup <filename>/etc</filename> and just
accept the merges. See <xref linkend="mergemaster"/> for more
information about <command>mergemaster</command>.</para>
@@ -259,7 +264,7 @@ MergeChanges /etc/ /var/named/etc/</prog
<para>This directory is where all patches and temporary files
are placed. In cases where the user is doing a version
- upgrade, this location should have a least a gigabyte of disk
+ upgrade, this location should have at least a gigabyte of disk
space available.</para>
<programlisting># When upgrading between releases, should the list of Components be
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