CPU affinity with ULE scheduler
Archimedes Gaviola
archimedes.gaviola at gmail.com
Mon Nov 17 03:11:01 PST 2008
On Fri, Nov 14, 2008 at 12:28 AM, John Baldwin <jhb at freebsd.org> wrote:
> On Thursday 13 November 2008 06:55:01 am Archimedes Gaviola wrote:
>> On Wed, Nov 12, 2008 at 1:16 AM, John Baldwin <jhb at freebsd.org> wrote:
>> > On Monday 10 November 2008 11:32:55 pm Archimedes Gaviola wrote:
>> >> On Tue, Nov 11, 2008 at 6:33 AM, John Baldwin <jhb at freebsd.org> wrote:
>> >> > On Monday 10 November 2008 03:33:23 am Archimedes Gaviola wrote:
>> >> >> To Whom It May Concerned:
>> >> >>
>> >> >> Can someone explain or share about ULE scheduler (latest version 2 if
>> >> >> I'm not mistaken) dealing with CPU affinity? Is there any existing
>> >> >> benchmarks on this with FreeBSD? Because I am currently using 4BSD
>> >> >> scheduler and as what I have observed especially on processing high
>> >> >> network load traffic on multiple CPU cores, only one CPU were being
>> >> >> stressed with network interrupt while the rests are mostly in idle
>> >> >> state. This is an AMD-64 (4x) dual-core IBM system with GigE Broadcom
>> >> >> network interface cards (bce0 and bce1). Below is the snapshot of the
>> >> >> case.
>> >> >
>> >> > Interrupts are routed to a single CPU. Since bce0 and bce1 are both on
>> > the
>> >> > same interrupt (irq 23), the CPU that interrupt is routed to is going
> to
>> > end
>> >> > up handling all the interrupts for bce0 and bce1. This not something
> ULE
>> > or
>> >> > 4BSD have any control over.
>> >> >
>> >> > --
>> >> > John Baldwin
>> >> >
>> >>
>> >> Hi John,
>> >>
>> >> I'm sorry for the wrong snapshot. Here's the right one with my concern.
>> >>
>> >> PID USERNAME THR PRI NICE SIZE RES STATE C TIME WCPU COMMAND
>> >> 17 root 1 171 52 0K 16K CPU0 0 54:28 95.17% idle:
> cpu0
>> >> 15 root 1 171 52 0K 16K CPU2 2 55:55 93.65% idle:
> cpu2
>> >> 14 root 1 171 52 0K 16K CPU3 3 58:53 93.55% idle:
> cpu3
>> >> 13 root 1 171 52 0K 16K RUN 4 59:14 82.47% idle:
> cpu4
>> >> 12 root 1 171 52 0K 16K RUN 5 55:42 82.23% idle:
> cpu5
>> >> 16 root 1 171 52 0K 16K CPU1 1 58:13 77.78% idle:
> cpu1
>> >> 11 root 1 171 52 0K 16K CPU6 6 54:08 76.17% idle:
> cpu6
>> >> 36 root 1 -68 -187 0K 16K WAIT 7 8:50 65.53%
>> >> irq23: bce0 bce1
>> >> 10 root 1 171 52 0K 16K CPU7 7 48:19 29.79% idle:
> cpu7
>> >> 43 root 1 171 52 0K 16K pgzero 2 0:35 1.51%
> pagezero
>> >> 1372 root 10 20 0 16716K 5764K kserel 6 58:42 0.00% kmd
>> >> 4488 root 1 96 0 30676K 4236K select 2 1:51 0.00% sshd
>> >> 18 root 1 -32 -151 0K 16K WAIT 0 1:14 0.00% swi4:
>> > clock s
>> >> 20 root 1 -44 -163 0K 16K WAIT 0 0:30 0.00% swi1:
> net
>> >> 218 root 1 96 0 3852K 1376K select 0 0:23 0.00% syslogd
>> >> 2171 root 1 96 0 30676K 4224K select 6 0:19 0.00% sshd
>> >>
>> >> Actually I was doing a network performance testing on this system with
>> >> FreeBSD-6.2 RELEASE using its default scheduler 4BSD and then I used a
>> >> tool to generate big amount of traffic around 600Mbps-700Mbps
>> >> traversing the FreeBSD system in bi-direction, meaning both network
>> >> interfaces are receiving traffic. What happened was, the CPU (cpu7)
>> >> that handles the (irq 23) on both interfaces consumed big amount of
>> >> CPU utilization around 65.53% in which it affects other running
>> >> applications and services like sshd and httpd. It's no longer
>> >> accessible when traffic is bombarded. With the current situation of my
>> >> FreeBSD system with only one CPU being stressed, I was thinking of
>> >> moving to FreeBSD-7.0 RELEASE with the ULE scheduler because I thought
>> >> my concern has something to do with the distributions of load on
>> >> multiple CPU cores handled by the scheduler especially at the network
>> >> level, processing network load. So, if it is more of interrupt
>> >> handling and not on the scheduler, is there a way we can optimize it?
>> >> Because if it still routed only to one CPU then for me it's still
>> >> inefficient. Who handles interrupt scheduling for bounding CPU in
>> >> order to prevent shared IRQ? Is there any improvements with
>> >> FreeBSD-7.0 with regards to interrupt handling?
>> >
>> > It depends. In all likelihood, the interrupts from bce0 and bce1 are both
>> > hardwired to the same interrupt pin and so they will always share the same
>> > ithread when using the legacy INTx interrupts. However, bce(4) parts do
>> > support MSI, and if you try a newer OS snap (6.3 or later) these devices
>> > should use MSI in which case each NIC would be assigned to a separate CPU.
> I
>> > would suggest trying 7.0 or a 7.1 release candidate and see if it does
>> > better.
>> >
>> > --
>> > John Baldwin
>> >
>>
>> Hi John,
>>
>> I try 7.0 release and each network interface were already allocated
>> separately on different CPU. Here, MSI is already working.
>>
>> PID USERNAME THR PRI NICE SIZE RES STATE C TIME WCPU COMMAND
>> 12 root 1 171 ki31 0K 16K CPU6 6 123:55 100.00% idle:
> cpu6
>> 15 root 1 171 ki31 0K 16K CPU3 3 123:54 100.00% idle:
> cpu3
>> 14 root 1 171 ki31 0K 16K CPU4 4 123:26 100.00% idle:
> cpu4
>> 16 root 1 171 ki31 0K 16K CPU2 2 123:15 100.00% idle:
> cpu2
>> 17 root 1 171 ki31 0K 16K CPU1 1 123:15 100.00% idle:
> cpu1
>> 37 root 1 -68 - 0K 16K CPU7 7 9:09 100.00% irq256:
> bce0
>> 13 root 1 171 ki31 0K 16K CPU5 5 123:49 99.07% idle: cpu5
>> 40 root 1 -68 - 0K 16K WAIT 0 4:40 51.17% irq257:
> bce1
>> 18 root 1 171 ki31 0K 16K RUN 0 117:48 49.37% idle: cpu0
>> 11 root 1 171 ki31 0K 16K RUN 7 115:25 0.00% idle: cpu7
>> 19 root 1 -32 - 0K 16K WAIT 0 0:39 0.00% swi4:
> clock s
>> 14367 root 1 44 0 5176K 3104K select 2 0:01 0.00% dhcpd
>> 22 root 1 -16 - 0K 16K - 3 0:01 0.00% yarrow
>> 25 root 1 -24 - 0K 16K WAIT 0 0:00 0.00% swi6:
> Giant t
>> 11658 root 1 44 0 32936K 4540K select 1 0:00 0.00% sshd
>> 14224 root 1 44 0 32936K 4540K select 5 0:00 0.00% sshd
>> 41 root 1 -60 - 0K 16K WAIT 0 0:00 0.00% irq1:
> atkbd0
>> 4 root 1 -8 - 0K 16K - 2 0:00 0.00% g_down
>>
>> The bce0 interface interrupt (irq256) gets stressed out which already
>> have 100% of CPU7 while CPU0 is around 51.17%. Any more
>> recommendations? Is there anything we can do about optimization with
>> MSI?
>
> Well, on 7.x you can try turning net.isr.direct off (sysctl). However, it
> seems you are hammering your bce0 interface. You might want to try using
> polling on bce0 and seeing if it keeps up with the traffic better.
>
> --
> John Baldwin
>
With net.isr.direct=0, my IBM system lessens CPU utilization per
interface (bce0 and bce1) but swi1:net increase its utilization.
Can you explained what's happening here? What does net.isr.direct do
with the decrease of CPU utilization on its interface? I really wanted
to know what happened internally during the packets being processed
and received by the interfaces then to the device interrupt up to the
software interrupt level because I am confused when enabling/disabling
net.isr.direct in sysctl. Is there a tool that can we used to trace
this process just to be able to know which part of the kernel internal
is doing the bottleneck especially when net.isr.direct=1? By the way
with device polling enabled, the system experienced packet errors and
the interface throughput is worst, so I avoid using it though.
PID USERNAME THR PRI NICE SIZE RES STATE C TIME WCPU COMMAND
16 root 1 171 ki31 0K 16K CPU10 a 86:06 89.06% idle: cpu10
27 root 1 -44 - 0K 16K CPU1 1 34:37 82.67% swi1: net
52 root 1 -68 - 0K 16K WAIT b 51:59 59.77% irq32: bce1
15 root 1 171 ki31 0K 16K RUN b 69:28 43.16% idle: cpu11
25 root 1 171 ki31 0K 16K RUN 1 115:35 24.27% idle: cpu1
51 root 1 -68 - 0K 16K CPU10 a 35:21 13.48% irq31: bce0
Regards,
Archimedes
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