Query.
Dan
dan at ntlbusiness.com
Wed Oct 15 14:39:59 PDT 2003
Hi,
Thanks for reading.
I'm running FreeBSD 4.x.
Basically, the problem i'm having - is that when I boot my Laptop - with the
Netgear HA501 wireless card, all traffic on my FreeBSD box - which acts as
the Gateway "stops". If I'm on IRC I ping timeout, browsing the net becomes
impossible, etc.
The setup of my LAN, is that my business cable modem (which uses DHCP)
connects to sis0 ethernet, the Access point (netgear HE102) connects via
crossover to sis1 ethernet, and then the HA501 works wirelessley to the HE102
AP. I set in config that it wouldnt use DHCP for the laptop, as hte laptop
just uses the freebsd box as a gateway.
My "ifconfig" output is:
sis0: flags=8843<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet6 fe80::209:5bff:fe22:47d4%sis0 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x1
inet my.public.IP netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 255.255.255.255
ether 00:09:5b:22:47:d4
media: Ethernet autoselect (100baseTX <full-duplex>)
status: active
sis1: flags=8843<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.0.1 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 192.168.0.255
inet6 fe80::240:f4ff:fe3b:ba91%sis1 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x2
ether 00:40:f4:3b:ba:91
media: Ethernet autoselect (100baseTX <full-duplex>)
status: active
lp0: flags=8810<POINTOPOINT,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
lo0: flags=8049<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 16384
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128
inet6 fe80::1%lo0 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x4
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 0xff000000
ppp0: flags=8010<POINTOPOINT,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
sl0: flags=c010<POINTOPOINT,LINK2,MULTICAST> mtu 552
faith0: flags=8002<BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
I have in /etc/rc.conf the following (as I'm using NAT):
ifconfig_sis0="DHCP"
kern_securelevel_enable="NO"
moused_enable="YES"
nfs_reserved_port_only="YES"
sshd_enable="NO"
usbd_enable="YES"
gateway_enable="YES"
firewall_enable="YES"
firewall_type="OPEN"
natd_enable="YES"
natd_interface="sis0"
natd_flags=""
firewall_script="/etc/firewall/fwrules"
SENDMAIL_ENABLE="NONE"
ifconfig_sis1="inet 192.168.0.1 netmask 255.255.255.0"
To make sure NAT was running, before, the "ps" output is:
$ ps -auxw | grep natd
root 77 0.0 0.7 1976 1716 ?? Ss 3:02PM 50:24.68 /sbin/natd -n
sis0
To setup my FreeBSD box as a gateway, i did these steps:
I loaded IPFIREWALL and IPIDIVERT modules, to the Kernel, and recompiled it.
I added the stuff I pasted to rc.conf
and on the laptop (running WinXP) I put the following as the Network options:
IP address: 192.168.0.2
Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0
Default gateway: 192.168.0.1
and my ISP's nameservers.
Some logging:
Before turning laptop on:
Routing tables
Internet:
Destination Gateway Flags Refs Use Netif Expire
default 213.105.213.254 UGSc 23 3088576 sis0
127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 UH 7 6799 lo0
192.168.0 link#2 UC 0 0 sis1
213.105.213 link#1 UC 1 0 sis0
213.105.213.213 127.0.0.1 UGHS 0 0 lo0
213.105.213.254 00:05:74:f7:58:70 UHLW 23 0 sis0 1200
After turning laptop on, before requesting a website etc (when the problems
begin to occur)
Routing tables
Internet:
Destination Gateway Flags Refs Use Netif Expire
default 213.105.213.254 UGSc 25 3089500 sis0
127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 UH 7 6826 lo0
192.168.0 link#2 UC 1 0 sis1
192.168.0.2 00:09:5b:30:71:0a UHLW 0 5 sis1 1193
213.105.213 link#1 UC 1 0 sis0
213.105.213.213 127.0.0.1 UGHS 0 0 lo0
213.105.213.254 00:05:74:f7:58:70 UHLW 23 0 sis0 1199
Problem time:
Routing tables
Internet:
Destination Gateway Flags Refs Use Netif Expire
default 213.105.213.254 UGSc 24 3095736 sis0
127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 UH 7 6832 lo0
192.168.0 link#2 UC 1 0 sis1
192.168.0.2 00:09:5b:30:71:0a UHLW 0 6 sis1 1161
213.105.213 link#1 UC 1 0 sis0
213.105.213.213 127.0.0.1 UGHS 0 0 lo0
213.105.213.254 00:05:74:f7:58:70 UHLW 22 0 sis0 1199
Finally, my FWRULES:
#!/bin/sh
# Copyright (c) 1996 Poul-Henning Kamp
# All rights reserved.
#
# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
# are met:
# 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
# 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
# documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
#
# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
# ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
# IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
# ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
# FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
# DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
# OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
# HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
# LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
# OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
# SUCH DAMAGE.
#
# $FreeBSD: src/etc/rc.firewall,v 1.30.2.16 2003/02/10 05:45:06 trhodes Exp $
#
#
# Setup system for firewall service.
#
# Suck in the configuration variables.
if [ -z "${source_rc_confs_defined}" ]; then
if [ -r /etc/defaults/rc.conf ]; then
. /etc/defaults/rc.conf
source_rc_confs
elif [ -r /etc/rc.conf ]; then
. /etc/rc.conf
fi
fi
############
# Define the firewall type in /etc/rc.conf. Valid values are:
# open - will allow anyone in
# client - will try to protect just this machine
# simple - will try to protect a whole network
# closed - totally disables IP services except via lo0 interface
# UNKNOWN - disables the loading of firewall rules.
# filename - will load the rules in the given filename (full path required)
#
# For ``client'' and ``simple'' the entries below should be customized
# appropriately.
############
#
# If you don't know enough about packet filtering, we suggest that you
# take time to read this book:
#
# Building Internet Firewalls, 2nd Edition
# Brent Chapman and Elizabeth Zwicky
#
# O'Reilly & Associates, Inc
# ISBN 1-56592-871-7
# http://www.ora.com/
# http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/fire2/
#
# For a more advanced treatment of Internet Security read:
#
# Firewalls & Internet Security
# Repelling the wily hacker
# William R. Cheswick, Steven M. Bellowin
#
# Addison-Wesley
# ISBN 0-201-63357-4
# http://www.awl.com/
# http://www.awlonline.com/product/0%2C2627%2C0201633574%2C00.html
#
setup_loopback () {
############
# Only in rare cases do you want to change these rules
#
${fwcmd} add 100 pass all from any to any via lo0
${fwcmd} add 200 deny all from any to 127.0.0.0/8
${fwcmd} add 300 deny ip from 127.0.0.0/8 to any
}
if [ -n "${1}" ]; then
firewall_type="${1}"
fi
############
# Set quiet mode if requested
#
case ${firewall_quiet} in
[Yy][Ee][Ss])
fwcmd="/sbin/ipfw -q"
;;
*)
fwcmd="/sbin/ipfw"
;;
esac
############
# Flush out the list before we begin.
#
${fwcmd} -f flush
############
# Network Address Translation. All packets are passed to natd(8)
# before they encounter your remaining rules. The firewall rules
# will then be run again on each packet after translation by natd
# starting at the rule number following the divert rule.
#
# For ``simple'' firewall type the divert rule should be put to a
# different place to not interfere with address-checking rules.
#
case ${firewall_type} in
[Oo][Pp][Ee][Nn]|[Cc][Ll][Ii][Ee][Nn][Tt])
case ${natd_enable} in
[Yy][Ee][Ss])
if [ -n "${natd_interface}" ]; then
${fwcmd} add 50 divert natd all from any to any via ${natd_interface}
fi
;;
esac
esac
############
# If you just configured ipfw in the kernel as a tool to solve network
# problems or you just want to disallow some particular kinds of traffic
# then you will want to change the default policy to open. You can also
# do this as your only action by setting the firewall_type to ``open''.
#
# ${fwcmd} add 65000 pass all from any to any
# Prototype setups.
#
case ${firewall_type} in
[Oo][Pp][Ee][Nn])
setup_loopback
${fwcmd} add 65000 pass all from any to any
;;
[Cc][Ll][Ii][Ee][Nn][Tt])
############
# This is a prototype setup that will protect your system somewhat
# against people from outside your own network.
############
# set these to your network and netmask and ip
net="192.0.2.0"
mask="255.255.255.0"
ip="192.0.2.1"
setup_loopback
# Allow any traffic to or from my own net.
${fwcmd} add pass all from ${ip} to ${net}:${mask}
${fwcmd} add pass all from ${net}:${mask} to ${ip}
# Allow TCP through if setup succeeded
${fwcmd} add pass tcp from any to any established
# Allow IP fragments to pass through
${fwcmd} add pass all from any to any frag
# Allow setup of incoming email
${fwcmd} add pass tcp from any to ${ip} 25 setup
# Allow setup of outgoing TCP connections only
${fwcmd} add pass tcp from ${ip} to any setup
# Disallow setup of all other TCP connections
${fwcmd} add deny tcp from any to any setup
# Allow DNS queries out in the world
${fwcmd} add pass udp from ${ip} to any 53 keep-state
# Allow NTP queries out in the world
${fwcmd} add pass udp from ${ip} to any 123 keep-state
# Everything else is denied by default, unless the
# IPFIREWALL_DEFAULT_TO_ACCEPT option is set in your kernel
# config file.
;;
[Ss][Ii][Mm][Pp][Ll][Ee])
############
# This is a prototype setup for a simple firewall. Configure this
# machine as a named server and ntp server, and point all the machines
# on the inside at this machine for those services.
############
# set these to your outside interface network and netmask and ip
oif="ed0"
onet="192.0.2.0"
omask="255.255.255.240"
oip="192.0.2.1"
# set these to your inside interface network and netmask and ip
iif="ed1"
inet="192.0.2.16"
imask="255.255.255.240"
iip="192.0.2.17"
setup_loopback
# Stop spoofing
${fwcmd} add deny all from ${inet}:${imask} to any in via ${oif}
${fwcmd} add deny all from ${onet}:${omask} to any in via ${iif}
# Stop RFC1918 nets on the outside interface
${fwcmd} add deny all from any to 10.0.0.0/8 via ${oif}
${fwcmd} add deny all from any to 172.16.0.0/12 via ${oif}
${fwcmd} add deny all from any to 192.168.0.0/16 via ${oif}
# Stop draft-manning-dsua-03.txt (1 May 2000) nets (includes RESERVED-1,
# DHCP auto-configuration, NET-TEST, MULTICAST (class D), and class E)
# on the outside interface
${fwcmd} add deny all from any to 0.0.0.0/8 via ${oif}
${fwcmd} add deny all from any to 169.254.0.0/16 via ${oif}
${fwcmd} add deny all from any to 192.0.2.0/24 via ${oif}
${fwcmd} add deny all from any to 224.0.0.0/4 via ${oif}
${fwcmd} add deny all from any to 240.0.0.0/4 via ${oif}
# Network Address Translation. This rule is placed here deliberately
# so that it does not interfere with the surrounding address-checking
# rules. If for example one of your internal LAN machines had its IP
# address set to 192.0.2.1 then an incoming packet for it after being
# translated by natd(8) would match the `deny' rule above. Similarly
# an outgoing packet originated from it before being translated would
# match the `deny' rule below.
case ${natd_enable} in
[Yy][Ee][Ss])
if [ -n "${natd_interface}" ]; then
${fwcmd} add divert natd all from any to any via ${natd_interface}
fi
;;
esac
# Stop RFC1918 nets on the outside interface
${fwcmd} add deny all from 10.0.0.0/8 to any via ${oif}
${fwcmd} add deny all from 172.16.0.0/12 to any via ${oif}
${fwcmd} add deny all from 192.168.0.0/16 to any via ${oif}
# Stop draft-manning-dsua-03.txt (1 May 2000) nets (includes RESERVED-1,
# DHCP auto-configuration, NET-TEST, MULTICAST (class D), and class E)
# on the outside interface
${fwcmd} add deny all from 0.0.0.0/8 to any via ${oif}
${fwcmd} add deny all from 169.254.0.0/16 to any via ${oif}
${fwcmd} add deny all from 192.0.2.0/24 to any via ${oif}
${fwcmd} add deny all from 224.0.0.0/4 to any via ${oif}
${fwcmd} add deny all from 240.0.0.0/4 to any via ${oif}
# Allow TCP through if setup succeeded
${fwcmd} add pass tcp from any to any established
# Allow IP fragments to pass through
${fwcmd} add pass all from any to any frag
# Allow setup of incoming email
${fwcmd} add pass tcp from any to ${oip} 25 setup
# Allow access to our DNS
${fwcmd} add pass tcp from any to ${oip} 53 setup
${fwcmd} add pass udp from any to ${oip} 53
${fwcmd} add pass udp from ${oip} 53 to any
# Allow access to our WWW
${fwcmd} add pass tcp from any to ${oip} 80 setup
# Reject&Log all setup of incoming connections from the outside
${fwcmd} add deny log tcp from any to any in via ${oif} setup
# Allow setup of any other TCP connection
${fwcmd} add pass tcp from any to any setup
# Allow DNS queries out in the world
${fwcmd} add pass udp from ${oip} to any 53 keep-state
# Allow NTP queries out in the world
${fwcmd} add pass udp from ${oip} to any 123 keep-state
# Everything else is denied by default, unless the
# IPFIREWALL_DEFAULT_TO_ACCEPT option is set in your kernel
# config file.
;;
[Cc][Ll][Oo][Ss][Ee][Dd])
setup_loopback
;;
[Uu][Nn][Kk][Nn][Oo][Ww][Nn])
;;
*)
if [ -r "${firewall_type}" ]; then
${fwcmd} ${firewall_flags} ${firewall_type}
fi
;;
esac
More information about the freebsd-questions
mailing list