FreeBSD9 running CPUs slow on PowerMac7,2

[Matthew Rezny]

I have a first revision PowerMac G5 dual 2.0GHz. For some reason, it boots up at 1.3Ghz under FreeBSD and I can't figure out why. Suggestions are welcome. dmesg is included at the end of this message.

I have had this machine since it was new, running OS X most of its life. Early last year, I tested some ppc64 snapshot ISOs that Nathan helpfully shared. It initially crashed on boot, but later versions improved and eventually I installed some version of FreeBSD8 onto a spare disk. I was loosely following 8-STABLE, recompiling about once a month to see what the progress was. Early versions did not recognize all the memory or some PCI cards, but later builds had all the essentially required and I started to see sensor support, though fan control wasn't there yet. I was not going further than testing with this machine at that time because I couldn't get X.org to work so it wasn't much of a desktop.

Eventually, I retired this machine from regular service and, after a some months sitting off, had the time to try dedicating it to running FreeBSD. Unfortunately, when I returned to it I found the spare disk I had used was throwing SMART errors, so I started fresh. While replacing the disk, I took the opportunity to tear down the machine and clean all the years of dust out of the crevices, and also lubricate all the fan bearings which meant I pulled the motherboard to get to the PSU. If I swapped CPUs around I could have created a slight problem for myself, but I was careful to put everything back exactly.

I tried to boot the FreeBSD 9.0 Release PPC64 CD, and quickly found it doesn't work using the C key but runs fine from OpenFirmware prompt. It got about one screen of text past the copyright and then a panic that keeps scrolling by. I found a post on the mailing list a couple months ago from someone with the same generation hardware stating he got the same crash unless all PCI cards were removed. Using the 9.1-RC1 CD worked for him, so I tried it and found it works for me to. I went ahead and did an install but noticed something odd in the dmesg on the next reboot; CPU speed is shown as 1304Mhz instead of 2000MHz. I am certain that when I was running 8-STABLE the CPU speed was shown as 2000MHz on boot, but unfortunately I don't have any logs to confirm since that disk is dead.

I considered the possibility I messed up something on the motherboard, maybe bumped the battery and cleared the settings. I know the motherboard will runs the CPUs at a lowered speed if something is wrong, and 1.3Ghz is the low speed point for a 2.0Ghz machine. However, booting a OS X install DVD (tried both 10.4 and 10.5 at varies points) shows the system running 2.0GHz in System Profiler. I ran Apple Hardware Test, both normal and extended tests, off the original DVD and it found no problems. I booted up Apple Service Diagnostic 2.5.8 (newest for the machine) and ran through the full battery of tests with no errors. I went to the Thermal Calibration in ASD (necessary when CPUs are replaced/swapped) and it said calibration was NOT needed, but I told it to run anyway. After all that, same result, FreeBSD 9.1-RC1 boots at 1.3GHz. As one final check, I booted Yellow Dog Linux 5.0.2 (ancient, but had it on DVD) and that shows 2000MHz CPU speed when booting. Also, OpenFirmware says 2000MHz, AHT says 2000MHZ, ASD says low-point is 1300Mhz, high-point 2000MHz, max 2000MHz.

I saw recent mention on mailing list about PowerBook booting at half speed and solution was to adjust the sysctl dev.cpu.0.freq, but that is for a G4. I looked but I don't have any dev.cpu.X.freq sysctls. I checked the cpufreq module to see the methods for G4 and G5 are different, and for G5 it only attaches if the CPU found is 970FX, 970MP or 970GX, not plain PPC970. I modified sys/powerpc/cpufreq/pcr.c to try attaching on plain 970, but of course it fails and I still don't get the sysctl.

So, how is FreeBSD9 knocking the CPUs down to the low set-point when it boots and how do I fix this? I'm at a loss. Before sending this message, I checked out 9-STABLE and built a fresh GENERIC64 kernel but behavior is the same. I touched the hardware same time I changed the software, but I've done all I can think of to confirm the hardware is proper so that leaves me to conclude something must have changed somewhere between 8 and 9, but I've no idea what and when. The following dmesg is from the fresh built kernel, but I got exactly the same with stock 9.1-RC1 kernel.


Copyright (c) 1992-2012 The FreeBSD Project.
Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
	The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation.
FreeBSD 9.1-PRERELEASE #1: Tue Oct  2 21:14:01 CEST 2012
    root at juggernaut:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/GENERIC64 powerpc
cpu0: IBM PowerPC 970 revision 2.2, 1304.53 MHz
cpu0: Features dc000000<PPC32,PPC64,ALTIVEC,FPU,MMU>
cpu0: HID0 511081<NAP,DPM,NHR,TBEN,ENATTN>
real memory  = 8572198912 (8175 MB)
avail memory = 8122523648 (7746 MB)
FreeBSD/SMP: Multiprocessor System Detected: 2 CPUs
cpu0: dev=ff887e10 (BSP)
cpu1: dev=ff889150
kbd0 at kbdmux0
nexus0: <Open Firmware Nexus device>
cpulist0: <Open Firmware CPU Group> on nexus0
cpu0: <Open Firmware CPU> on cpulist0
cpu1: <Open Firmware CPU> on cpulist0
powermac_nvram0: <Apple NVRAM> on nexus0
powermac_nvram0: bank0 generation 768, bank1 generation 767
unin0: <Apple UniNorth System Controller> on nexus0
unin0: Version 179
iichb0: <Keywest I2C controller> mem 0xf8001000-0xf8001fff irq 42 on unin0
iicbus0: <OFW I2C bus> on iichb0
iicbus0: <unknown card> at addr 0xca
ds17750: <Temp-Monitor DS1775> at addr 0x94 on iicbus0
max66900: <Temp-Monitor MAX6690> at addr 0x98 on iicbus0
max66901: <Temp-Monitor MAX6690> at addr 0x9c on iicbus0
iicbus0: <unknown card> at addr 0xd2
fcu0: <Apple Fan Control Unit> at addr 0x15e on iicbus0
iicbus0: <unknown card> at addr 0x30
ad74170: <Supply-Monitor AD7417> at addr 0x58 on iicbus0
ad74170: 5 sensors detected.
iicbus0: <unknown card> at addr 0xa0
iicbus0: <unknown card> at addr 0x32
ad74171: <Supply-Monitor AD7417> at addr 0x5a on iicbus0
ad74171: 5 sensors detected.
iicbus0: <unknown card> at addr 0xa2
iicbus0: <unknown card> at addr 0x1c0
htpic0: <OpenPIC Interrupt Controller> mem 0xf8040000-0xf807ffff irq 184 on unin0
pcib0: <Apple U3 Host-AGP bridge> on nexus0
pci0: <OFW PCI bus> on pcib0
vgapci0: <VGA-compatible display> port 0x400-0x4ff mem 0xc0000000-0xcfffffff,0xb0000000-0xb000ffff irq 176 at device 16.0 on pci0
agp0: <Apple U3 AGP Bridge> on hostb0
pcib1: <IBM CPC9X5 HyperTransport Tunnel> on nexus0
pcib1: 4 HT IRQs on device 1.0
pcib1: 4 HT IRQs on device 2.0
pcib1: 86 HT IRQs on device 3.0
pci1: <OFW PCI bus> on pcib1
pcib2: <OFW PCI-PCI bridge> at device 1.0 on pci1
pci2: <OFW PCI bus> on pcib2
bge0: <Broadcom BCM5703 A2, ASIC rev. 0x001002> mem 0x90020000-0x9002ffff irq 180 at device 2.0 on pci2
bge0: enabling MBOX workaround for AMD-8131 PCI-X Bridge
bge0: CHIP ID 0x00001002; ASIC REV 0x01; CHIP REV 0x10; PCI-X 100 MHz
miibus0: <MII bus> on bge0
brgphy0: <BCM5703 1000BASE-T media interface> PHY 1 on miibus0
brgphy0:  10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, 1000baseT, 1000baseT-master, 1000baseT-FDX, 1000baseT-FDX-master, auto, auto-flow
bge0: Ethernet address: 00:10:18:01:a1:49
bge1: <Broadcom BCM5703 A2, ASIC rev. 0x001002> mem 0x90010000-0x9001ffff irq 181 at device 3.0 on pci2
bge1: enabling MBOX workaround for AMD-8131 PCI-X Bridge
bge1: CHIP ID 0x00001002; ASIC REV 0x01; CHIP REV 0x10; PCI-X 100 MHz
miibus1: <MII bus> on bge1
brgphy1: <BCM5703 1000BASE-T media interface> PHY 1 on miibus1
brgphy1:  10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, 1000baseT, 1000baseT-master, 1000baseT-FDX, 1000baseT-FDX-master, auto, auto-flow
bge1: Ethernet address: 00:10:18:0b:be:dd
pcib3: <OFW PCI-PCI bridge> at device 2.0 on pci1
pci3: <OFW PCI bus> on pcib3
mpt0: <LSILogic SAS/SATA Adapter> mem 0xa0000000-0xa0003fff,0xa0010000-0xa001ffff irq 182 at device 4.0 on pci3
mpt0: MPI Version=1.5.20.0
pcib4: <OFW PCI-PCI bridge> at device 3.0 on pci1
pci4: <OFW PCI bus> on pcib4
macio0: <K2 KeyLargo I/O Controller> mem 0x80000000-0x8007ffff at device 7.0 on pci4
openpic0: <OpenPIC Interrupt Controller> mem 0x40000-0x7ffff on macio0
macgpio0: <MacIO GPIO Controller> mem 0x50-0x8a on macio0
scc0: <Zilog Z8530 dual channel SCC> mem 0x13000-0x13fff,0x8400-0x84ff,0x8500-0x85ff,0x8600-0x86ff,0x8700-0x87ff irq 150,133,134,151,135,136 on macio0
uart0: <z8530, channel A> on scc0
uart1: <z8530, channel B> on scc0
iichb1: <Keywest I2C controller> mem 0x18000-0x18fff irq 154 on macio0
iicbus1: <OFW I2C bus> on iichb1
iicbus1: <unknown card> at addr 0x1c0
snapper0: <Texas Instruments TAS3004 Audio Codec> at addr 0x6a on iicbus1
pcm0: <Apple I2S Audio Controller> mem 0-0xfff,0-0xff,0x100-0x1ff irq 158,129,130 on macio0
macio0: failed to reserve resource 0 - 0x1000 (0x1000) for pcm0
device_attach: pcm0 attach returned 6
pmu0: <Apple PMU99 Controller> mem 0x16000-0x17fff irq 153 on macio0
ohci0: <OHCI (generic) USB controller> mem 0x80081000-0x80081fff irq 155 at device 8.0 on pci4
usbus0 on ohci0
ohci1: <OHCI (generic) USB controller> mem 0x80080000-0x80080fff irq 156 at device 9.0 on pci4
usbus1 on ohci1
pcib5: <OFW PCI-PCI bridge> at device 4.0 on pci1
pci5: <OFW PCI bus> on pcib5
ohci2: <NEC uPD 9210 USB controller> mem 0x80102000-0x80102fff irq 191 at device 11.0 on pci5
usbus2 on ohci2
ohci3: <NEC uPD 9210 USB controller> mem 0x80101000-0x80101fff irq 191 at device 11.1 on pci5
usbus3 on ohci3
ehci0: <NEC uPD 720100 USB 2.0 controller> mem 0x80100000-0x801000ff irq 191 at device 11.2 on pci5
usbus4: EHCI version 1.0
usbus4 on ehci0
pcib6: <OFW PCI-PCI bridge> at device 5.0 on pci1
pci6: <OFW PCI bus> on pcib6
ata0: <K2 Kauai ATA Controller> mem 0x80204000-0x80207fff irq 167 at device 13.0 on pci6
fwohci0: <1394 Open Host Controller Interface> mem 0x80200000-0x80200fff irq 168 at device 14.0 on pci6
fwohci0: OHCI version 1.0 (ROM=0)
fwohci0: No. of Isochronous channels is 8.
fwohci0: EUI64 00:0a:95:ff:fe:a6:ed:76
fwohci0: invalid speed 7 (fixed to 3).
fwohci0: Phy 1394a available S800, 3 ports.
fwohci0: Link S800, max_rec 4096 bytes.
firewire0: <IEEE1394(FireWire) bus> on fwohci0
fwe0: <Ethernet over FireWire> on firewire0
if_fwe0: Fake Ethernet address: 02:0a:95:a6:ed:76
fwe0: Ethernet address: 02:0a:95:a6:ed:76
sbp0: <SBP-2/SCSI over FireWire> on firewire0
fwohci0: Initiate bus reset
fwohci0: fwohci_intr_core: BUS reset
fwohci0: fwohci_intr_core: node_id=0x00000000, SelfID Count=2, CYCLEMASTER mode
pcib7: <OFW PCI-PCI bridge> at device 6.0 on pci1
pci7: <OFW PCI bus> on pcib7
gem0: <Apple K2 GMAC Ethernet> mem 0x80400000-0x805fffff irq 169 at device 15.0 on pci7
miibus2: <MII bus> on gem0
brgphy2: <BCM54K2 1000BASE-T media interface> PHY 1 on miibus2
brgphy2:  10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, 1000baseT, 1000baseT-master, 1000baseT-FDX, 1000baseT-FDX-master, auto, auto-flow
gem0: 10kB RX FIFO, 4kB TX FIFO
gem0: Ethernet address: 00:0a:95:a6:ed:76
pcib8: <OFW PCI-PCI bridge> at device 7.0 on pci1
pci8: <OFW PCI bus> on pcib8
atapci0: <ServerWorks K2 SATA150 controller> mem 0x80600000-0x80601fff irq 128 at device 12.0 on pci8
pcib1: failed to reserve resource for pcib8
atapci0: 0x10 bytes of rid 0x20 res 4 failed (0, 0xffffffffffffffff).
ata2: <ATA channel> at channel 0 on atapci0
ata3: <ATA channel> at channel 1 on atapci0
ata4: <ATA channel> at channel 2 on atapci0
ata5: <ATA channel> at channel 3 on atapci0
atapci1: <ServerWorks K2 SATA150 controller> at device 12.1 on pci8
pcib1: failed to reserve resource for pcib8
atapci1: 0x10 bytes of rid 0x20 res 4 failed (0, 0xffffffffffffffff).
atapci1: unable to map interrupt
device_attach: atapci1 attach returned 6
sc0: <System console> on nexus0
sc0: Unknown <16 virtual consoles, flags=0x300>
Timecounter "timebase" frequency 33333333 Hz quality 0
Event timer "decrementer" frequency 33333333 Hz quality 1000
Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec
firewire0: 1 nodes, maxhop <= 0 cable IRM irm(0)  (me) 
firewire0: bus manager 0 
max66900: 2 sensors detected.
max66901: 2 sensors detected.
usbus0: 12Mbps Full Speed USB v1.0
usbus1: 12Mbps Full Speed USB v1.0
ugen0.1: <Apple> at usbus0
uhub0: <Apple OHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus0
ugen1.1: <Apple> at usbus1
uhub1: <Apple OHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus1
usbus2: 12Mbps Full Speed USB v1.0
usbus3: 12Mbps Full Speed USB v1.0
ugen2.1: <NEC> at usbus2
uhub2: <NEC OHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus2
ugen3.1: <NEC> at usbus3
uhub3: <NEC OHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus3
usbus4: 480Mbps High Speed USB v2.0
ugen4.1: <NEC> at usbus4
uhub4: <NEC EHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus4
uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhub1: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhub2: 3 ports with 3 removable, self powered
uhub3: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
ugen0.2: <vendor 0x05ac> at usbus0
ukbd0: <vendor 0x05ac product 0x1000, class 0/0, rev 2.00/15.86, addr 2> on usbus0
kbd1 at ukbd0
ums0: <vendor 0x05ac product 0x1000, class 0/0, rev 2.00/15.86, addr 2> on usbus0
ums0: 5 buttons and [XY] coordinates ID=0
uhub4: 5 ports with 5 removable, self powered
fcu0: FCU initialized, RPM shift: 3
fcu0: 7 fans detected!
ugen3.2: <Composite USB PS2 Converter> at usbus3
ukbd1: <Composite USB PS2 Converter USB to PS2 Adaptor  v1.12, class 0/0, rev 1.10/0.01, addr 2> on usbus3
kbd2 at ukbd1
ums1: <Composite USB PS2 Converter USB to PS2 Adaptor  v1.12, class 0/0, rev 1.10/0.01, addr 2> on usbus3
ums1: 3 buttons and [XYZ] coordinates ID=1
ada0 at ata2 bus 0 scbus3 target 0 lun 0
ada0: <Maxtor 6L300S0 BACE1G20> ATA-7 SATA 1.x device
ada0: 150.000MB/s transfers (SATA 1.x, UDMA5, PIO 8192bytes)
ada0: 286188MB (586114704 512 byte sectors: 16H 63S/T 16383C)
ada0: Previously was known as ad0
ada1 at ata3 bus 0 scbus4 target 0 lun 0
ada1: <APPLE SSD TS256B AGAA0206> ATA-8 SATA 2.x device
ada1: 150.000MB/s transfers (SATA 1.x, UDMA5, PIO 8192bytes)
ada1: 239372MB (490234752 512 byte sectors: 16H 63S/T 16383C)
ada1: Previously was known as ad1
cd0 at ata0 bus 0 scbus1 target 0 lun 0
cd0: <TSSTcorp CD/DVDW SH-S182D SB06> Removable CD-ROM SCSI-0 device 
cd0: 33.300MB/s transfers (UDMA2, ATAPI 12bytes, PIO 65534bytes)
cd0: cd present [1927744 x 2048 byte records]
SMP: AP CPU #1 launched
Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/ada0s3 [rw]...