From nobody Fri Apr 04 18:40:28 2025 X-Original-To: freebsd-questions@mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org Received: from mx1.freebsd.org (mx1.freebsd.org [IPv6:2610:1c1:1:606c::19:1]) by mlmmj.nyi.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4ZTnVK4n3Kz5sDns for ; Fri, 04 Apr 2025 18:40:41 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from aryeh.friedman@gmail.com) Received: from mail-ua1-x92b.google.com (mail-ua1-x92b.google.com [IPv6:2607:f8b0:4864:20::92b]) (using TLSv1.3 with cipher TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (128/128 bits) key-exchange X25519 server-signature RSA-PSS (4096 bits) server-digest SHA256 client-signature RSA-PSS (2048 bits) client-digest SHA256) (Client CN "smtp.gmail.com", Issuer "WR4" (verified OK)) by mx1.freebsd.org (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4ZTnVK0nfBz3cqd for ; Fri, 04 Apr 2025 18:40:41 +0000 (UTC) (envelope-from aryeh.friedman@gmail.com) Authentication-Results: mx1.freebsd.org; none Received: by mail-ua1-x92b.google.com with SMTP id a1e0cc1a2514c-86d42f08135so1093108241.0 for ; Fri, 04 Apr 2025 11:40:41 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=gmail.com; s=20230601; t=1743792040; x=1744396840; darn=freebsd.org; h=content-transfer-encoding:cc:to:subject:message-id:date:from :in-reply-to:references:mime-version:from:to:cc:subject:date :message-id:reply-to; bh=Cy+MK1vJzUMlZXj3srTX9DzHUX08vNrciW6O6AAF9dA=; b=MP0YRItWxeAvFveF9UZUIuW6EwmX/KxfBNJOmGcL/TECE9L44UZ+2o0VDKPfE0/r2y 9LWkL6nDRg2Vz2Opr1IPuiFI6ty0ptvKdoY9pNMzW2M/c/Z6yX7thP0nyOFr885CKA5C vb4YeKCXg4vN33YHwAyDV9oHwl2x/jAzepqFVMkKUt1Cr96xuIC8KOaib5v+wEm1kXx9 Y08geleHcr1Wn5j/sEdqMGWIHFLkTuJ6QvepeKO4SCFb5OSBO4A3T5B5iEnnqjlK/WUB DdL901+UP980pwncxebOOcE9JP57EU0vDgtCHBT5qkHNMvNtuYhK5DfXALCRubxzvRKX Fh5A== X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=1e100.net; s=20230601; t=1743792040; x=1744396840; h=content-transfer-encoding:cc:to:subject:message-id:date:from :in-reply-to:references:mime-version:x-gm-message-state:from:to:cc :subject:date:message-id:reply-to; bh=Cy+MK1vJzUMlZXj3srTX9DzHUX08vNrciW6O6AAF9dA=; b=q//lHta7JWoOymPnAbacD4cH338Vlp5ax226mnb+wCBhTQuZV0bBdUalRDcUIJe52p jBaKXo0TAUcvQST62w1g3NoE9y0bzP3R/yeNh53VyNmVSyEG/ZvoOvzAH/WsHHt7RdFc tKBI2BiMel89nMPGEhJqKbeNwIIE9Pns+A1EiWB0wSPv3ltBaXvZhxw5J3X2TSRFFw5l fP3+Y08AkjGbGP3pJ/HHTZ4kTA/Ji6i6OpxEvotvv5egVYuhH+QiIXbSunvY1OvuM9P/ Juv4yl1byH4bpnEQZ/mWriEUqhfrHp4qKDHAz434HyDWos2rCuPXF0b0MkgXLy9dQv05 91mA== X-Forwarded-Encrypted: i=1; AJvYcCVgeVZsG3qE9fsD6qk8UWwM44hcfBEPMgbBCNDt0wQmuvjq8t7nsqngvKyNsLFV567a7PXYOBM8mRAg4gAUovO//w==@freebsd.org X-Gm-Message-State: AOJu0YysxEO6Gb1FAv3dJSgwNQdG+Anw65KxYEmdrDjWIDmtfCUcLCQ5 p/6JWolMOQlBYAlalcGyOpW5So36Y6BcoV5KxAzhKnUezxbN5q0CA3gS3DU8IT1MCQj6YZqhfxF lqp6GRPF81pAPe8ApOTtWG4Ljr4Q= X-Gm-Gg: ASbGncvob7UiLUb7bPlX3RSFmyXV/wnK9L2f+N5azLO/+dpqBSkqoG0ZkKcQonNCWvT dYe57TLF8WqBRYS5aczEo/OnYlNYoGYoC7lFgfg5bjTcm5LI+g/gcWFqEk8EZX5p4gZfSL5fG7x 4scv4QWCX1ZZCgx99E9cFXlEDmXX0nqLhpemIsxUA= X-Google-Smtp-Source: AGHT+IG7fn4RKfUx3HEivuFQhKa/IsPj0D6Pw/8Dr1M/2la9O5YO3mj2o8c/lsvVrfSEMbNqrmbRiL6nZAgmFcBZ11g= X-Received: by 2002:a05:6102:91c:b0:4c1:801e:deb2 with SMTP id ada2fe7eead31-4c86365fe4emr623882137.7.1743792040022; Fri, 04 Apr 2025 11:40:40 -0700 (PDT) List-Id: User questions List-Archive: https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-questions List-Help: List-Post: List-Subscribe: List-Unsubscribe: X-BeenThere: freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Sender: owner-freebsd-questions@FreeBSD.org MIME-Version: 1.0 References: In-Reply-To: From: Aryeh Friedman Date: Fri, 4 Apr 2025 14:40:28 -0400 X-Gm-Features: ATxdqUHZL9l2OkZvj1QQamR-rlAbHhFXykSR4d0FaPIFI0Bdv3OQFcnQMxCkn0A Message-ID: Subject: Re: Securing FreeBSD. To: Albert Shih Cc: Paul Procacci , freebsd-questions@freebsd.org Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable X-Rspamd-Pre-Result: action=no action; module=replies; Message is reply to one we originated X-Spamd-Result: default: False [-4.00 / 15.00]; REPLY(-4.00)[]; TAGGED_FROM(0.00)[]; ASN(0.00)[asn:15169, ipnet:2607:f8b0::/32, country:US] X-Rspamd-Queue-Id: 4ZTnVK0nfBz3cqd X-Spamd-Bar: ---- On Fri, Apr 4, 2025 at 2:36=E2=80=AFPM Albert Shih w= rote: > > Le 04/04/2025 =C3=A0 13:23:38-0400, Paul Procacci a =C3=A9crit > > On Fri, Apr 4, 2025 at 1:14=E2=80=AFPM Albert Shih wrote: > > > > > > > > > > So you want to be root, without having the power of root. > > Try logging into the system with a different user and the problem is > > solved -- tongue and cheek. > > No, I want to make the system in a state where root *cannot* remove some > file. Isn't the very definition of root (superuser) is that they can do *ANYTHING= *? --=20 Aryeh M. Friedman, Lead Developer, http://www.PetiteCloud.org