Re: 100Gb performance

From: Rick Macklem <rick.macklem_at_gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 25 Jun 2025 16:29:42 UTC
On Tue, Jun 24, 2025 at 4:39 PM Rodney W. Grimes
<freebsd-rwg@gndrsh.dnsmgr.net> wrote:
>
> > On Tue, Jun 24, 2025 at 4:45?PM Rick Macklem <rick.macklem@gmail.com> wrote:
> >
> > >
> > > Here's how I'd configure a client (assuming it's a fairly beefy system):
> > > In /boot/loader.conf:
> > > vfs.maxbcachebuf=1048576
> > >
> > > In /etc/sysctl.conf:
> > > kern.ipc.maxsockbuf=47370024 (or larger)
> > > vfs.nfs.iodmax=64
> > >
> > > Then I'd use these mount options (along with whatever you normally use,
> > > except don't specify rsize, wsize since it should use whatever the server
> > > supports):
> > > nconnect=8,nocto,readahead=8,wcommitsize=67108864 (or larger)
> > >
> > > To test write rate, I'd:
> > > # dd if=/dev/zero of=<file on mount> bs=1M count=10240
> > > for reading
> > > # dd if=<file on mount> of=/dev/null bs=1M
> > > (but umount/mount between the two "dd"s, so nothing is cached
> > > in the client's buffer cache)
> > >
> > > If you are stuck at 1.2Gbytes/sec, there's some bottleneck, but
> > > I can't say where.
> > >
> > > rick
> > > ps: The newnfs threads to write-behind and read-ahead, so there
> > >      is some parallelism for the "dd".
> > >
> > >
> > Hi,
> >
> > Ok let?s try that all those parameters (running June 2025 stableweek) :
> >
> > On server and client, /etc/sysctl.conf configured with a:
> > kern.ipc.maxsockbuf=33554432
> > net.inet.tcp.recvbuf_max=33554432
> > net.inet.tcp.sendbuf_max=33554432
> > net.inet.tcp.recvspace=1048576
> > net.inet.tcp.sendspace=524288
> > vfs.nfs.iodmax=64
>
> I suggested doubling, or quadropling the defaults of 2mb,
> why did you only try 1.5 times?
I think he increased it to 32Mbyes and not 3?

Here's my way of gestimating it...
- For a 1msec transit time (it's probably less).
  100Mbits/msec * 1msec = 100Mbits / 8 = 12Mbytes
  - This is what it takes to fill the bit pipe.
  - It takes the same time for an ACK to transit in the
    opposite direction, so double it for that.
Put another way, get the RTT via ping and then:
100Mbits/msec * RTT(msec) / 8
However, this doesn't account for delay in the server
processing the TCP segment and sending an ACK,
so I'd bump the above up by a bunch.

Does the above look reasonable? rick

>
> >
> > Server side:
> > nfs_server_enable="YES"
> > nfsv4_server_enable="YES"
> > nfsv4_server_only="YES"
> > nfs_server_maxio="1048576"
> > With correctly applied sysctl:
> > root@server:~ # sysctl vfs.nfsd.srvmaxio
> > vfs.nfsd.srvmaxio: 1048576
> > root@server:~ # sysctl vfs.nfs.iodmax
> > vfs.nfs.iodmax: 64
> >
> > First, just generating the server disk speed to be used as reference:
> > root@server:~ # dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/nfs/data bs=1M count=20480
> > 20480+0 records in
> > 20480+0 records out
> > 21474836480 bytes transferred in 3.477100 secs (6176076082 bytes/sec)
> > root@server:~ # units -t '6176076082 bytes' gigabit
> > 49.408609
> >
> > So here, reaching about 40Gb/s with NFS will be the target.
> >
> > But before the NFS test, a simple iperf3 test between client and server
> > with 16?sessions (same as with nconnect):
> > root@client:~ # iperf3 -c 1.1.1.30 --parallel 16
>                                      ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
> > [SUM]   0.00-10.00  sec  99.1 GBytes  85.1 Gbits/sec  81693  sender
> >
> > The 100Gb/s link is here and seems to be working fine with iperf3.
>
> I am going to assume you kept cranking up the parallel count until
> you reached what you feel to be "working fine".  I would be very intrested
> in the data at 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16, and not just the final number
> but the actual "test data" as output during the run of iperf3.
> Especially of value is what the window sizes look like.
>
> Also what is the ping time between the client and server?
>         ping -q -s 1500 -c 10 servername
>
> >
> > On the client side, the NFS test now:
> > root@client:~ # mount -t nfs -o
> > noatime,nfsv4,nconnect=16,wcommitsize=67108864,readahead=8,nocto 1.1.1.30:/nfs
> > /tmp/nfs/
> > root@client:~ # nfsstat -m
> > 1.1.1.30:/nfs on /tmp/nfs
> > nfsv4,minorversion=2,tcp,resvport,nconnect=16,hard,nocto,sec=sys,acdirmin=3,acdirmax=60,acregmin=5,acregmax=60,nametimeo=60,negnametimeo=60,rsize=65536,wsize=65536,readdirsize=65536,readahead=8,wcommitsize=67108864,timeout=120,retrans=2147483647
> >
> > => Notice here that negotiated rsize and wsize haven't improved since the
> > bump of vfs.nfsd.srvmaxio on server side. Shouldn't those values be a lot
> > bigger at this stage ?
> >
> > root@cliet:~ # dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/nfs/data bs=1M count=20480
> > 20480+0 records in
> > 20480+0 records out
> > 21474836480 bytes transferred in 9.591257 secs (2239001240 bytes/sec)
> > root@client:~ # units -t '2239001240 bytes' gigabit
> > 17.91201
> > root@client:~ # umount /tmp/nfs/
> > root@client:~ # mount -t nfs -o
> > noatime,nfsv4,nconnect=16,wcommitsize=67108864,readahead=8,nocto 1.1.1.30:/nfs
> > /tmp/nfs/
> > root@client:~ # dd of=/dev/zero if=/tmp/nfs/data bs=1M count=20480
> > 20480+0 records in
> > 20480+0 records out
> > 21474836480 bytes transferred in 6.900937 secs (3111872643 bytes/sec)
> > root@client:~ # units -t '3111872643 bytes' gigabit
> > 24.894981
> >
> > So with NFS I?m able to read at about 25Gb/s and write at 18Gb/s.
> >
> > The output of a "pmcstat -TS cpu_clk_unhalted.thread_p -w1" on the client
> > during this test shows a high level of invlop_handler:
> >
> > PMC: [cpu_clk_unhalted.thread_p] Samples: 9730 (100.0%) , 0 unresolved
> >
> > %SAMP IMAGE      FUNCTION                       CALLERS
> >  31.2 kernel     invlop_handler
> >  24.9 kernel     cpu_idle                       sched_idletd
> >  11.4 kernel     Xinvlop
> >   1.8 kernel     copyin_smap_erms               uiomove_faultflag
> >   1.8 kernel     memmove_erms                   nfsm_uiombuf
> >   1.5 kernel     cpu_search_highest             cpu_search_highest
> >   1.3 kernel     mb_free_ext                    m_free
> >
> > And on the server:
> >
> > PMC: [cpu_clk_unhalted.thread_p] Samples: 4093 (100.0%) , 0 unresolved
> >
> > %SAMP IMAGE      FUNCTION                       CALLERS
> >   7.8 zfs.ko     abd_cmp_zero_off_cb            abd_iterate_func
> >   7.7 kernel     memmove_erms                   uiomove_faultflag
> >   4.9 kernel     cpu_idle                       sched_idletd
> >   4.8 kernel     mlx5e_rx_cq_comp               mlx5_cq_completion
> >   3.4 kernel     cpu_search_highest             cpu_search_highest
> >   3.4 kernel     memset_erms                    dbuf_read
> >   3.0 kernel     mb_ctor_pack                   uma_zalloc_arg
> >   2.6 kernel     soreceive_generic_locked       soreceive_generic
> >   2.2 kernel     lock_delay                     dbuf_find
> >
> > Regards,
> > Olivier
>
> --
> Rod Grimes                                                 rgrimes@freebsd.org