Re: UFS in a USB flash drive (ufs:/dev/da0s1a)
- In reply to: Ronald Klop : "Re: UFS in a USB flash drive (ufs:/dev/da0s1a)"
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Date: Sat, 15 Oct 2022 05:27:33 UTC
On Tue, Oct 11, 2022 at 3:00 AM Ronald Klop <ronald-lists@klop.ws> wrote:
> On 10/10/22 18:15, Archimedes Gaviola wrote:
> >
> >
> > On Mon, Oct 10, 2022 at 9:39 PM Ronald Klop <ronald-lists@klop.ws
> <mailto:ronald-lists@klop.ws>> wrote:
> >
> > *Van:* Archimedes Gaviola <archimedes.gaviola@gmail.com <mailto:
> archimedes.gaviola@gmail.com>>
> > *Datum:* maandag, 10 oktober 2022 14:09
> > *Aan:* Ronald Klop <ronald-lists@klop.ws <mailto:
> ronald-lists@klop.ws>>
> > *CC:* freebsd-fs@freebsd.org <mailto:freebsd-fs@freebsd.org>
> > *Onderwerp:* Re: UFS in a USB flash drive (ufs:/dev/da0s1a)
> >
> > On Mon, Oct 10, 2022 at 7:11 PM Ronald Klop <
> ronald-lists@klop.ws <mailto:ronald-lists@klop.ws>> wrote:
> >
> > *Van:* Archimedes Gaviola <archimedes.gaviola@gmail.com
> <mailto:archimedes.gaviola@gmail.com>>
> > *Datum:* maandag, 10 oktober 2022 12:40
> > *Aan:* freebsd-fs@freebsd.org <mailto:freebsd-fs@freebsd.org
> >
> > *Onderwerp:* UFS in a USB flash drive (ufs:/dev/da0s1a)
> >
> > Hi,
> > I have a scenario (see below) after which the FreeBSD
> kernel boots-up in my embedded system, it is looking for the root
> filesystem. Now, I want to build one from scratch based on the examples
> below using a UFS filesystem in a USB flash drive -> ufs:/dev/da0s1a. Are
> there any available step-by-step reference(s) that can help and guide me in
> the building process?
> > ...
> > Trying to mount root from cd9660:/dev/map/rootfs.uzip
> []...
> > mountroot: waiting for device /dev/map/rootfs.uzip...
> > Mounting from cd9660:/dev/map/rootfs.uzip failed with
> error 19.
> >
> > Loader variables:
> >
> > Manual root filesystem specification:
> > <fstype>:<device> [options]
> > Mount <device> using filesystem <fstype>
> > and with the specified (optional) option list.
> >
> > eg. ufs:/dev/da0s1a
> > zfs:tank
> > cd9660:/dev/cd0 ro
> > (which is equivalent to: mount -t cd9660 -o
> ro /dev/cd0 /)
> >
> > ? List valid disk boot devices
> > . Yield 1 second (for background tasks)
> > <empty line> Abort manual input
> >
> > mountroot>
> > ...
> > Thanks and best regards,
> > Archimedes
> >
> >
> >
> > Hi,
> >
> > From your mail I don't really understand what your level of
> skills with FreeBSD is. I assume the scenario with cd9660 and error 19 is
> not your biggest concern. You just want to install on a USB flash drive.
> >
> > Does this help:
> https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/ <
> https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/> ?
> >
> > Regards,
> > Ronald.
> >
> > Hi Ronald,
> > No, it's not about installing FreeBSD from scratch using a USB
> flash drive as I already flashed and installed the FreeBSD kernel in the
> SPI flash RAM using trivial FTP in the U-boot loader. What I want is
> mounting the root filesystem that's been created in the USB flash drive
> (this hardware has USB port) using the ufs:/dev/da0s1a method but before
> that happens, I need to create that root filesystem (/) from scratch in the
> USB flash drive so that it can be mounted right after the kernel is loaded.
> > Not sure what level I am as a FreeBSD user but I can install and
> setup FreeBSD system, networking, install packages and re-build or compile
> a kernel.
> > Thanks and best regards,
> > Archimedes
> >
> >
> >
> > Hi,
> >
> > To create the root filesystem on USB you can use several methods. 2
> of them are like this:
> > * the "bsdinstall" tool
> > * or
> > - fetch
> https://download.freebsd.org/ftp/snapshots/arm64/13.1-STABLE/base.txz <
> https://download.freebsd.org/ftp/snapshots/arm64/13.1-STABLE/base.txz>
> (change the URL if you need a different architecture or FreeBSD version)
> > - newfs /dev/da0s1a (NB: this device name might be different
> depending on the devices already available in your system)
> > - mount /dev/da0s1a /mnt
> > - tar xf -C /mnt <path-to>/base.txz
> > - umount /mnt
> >
> > This is from the top of my head, so I might have forgotten something.
> >
> > Than plugin the USB on your embedded system and at the prompt type:
> > mountroot> ufs:/dev/da0s1a
> >
> > If it does not work type a "?" question mark to see what filesystems
> are available.
> >
> > If you want to persist the FS used as root filesystem it depends on
> the system you are running.
> > You can hardcode the root FS in the kernel you saved in the SPI RAM.
> But depending on the system it is also possible to pass the rootfs in a
> variable in loader.conf or some other place from which the kernel can read
> variables.
> >
> > What kind of system are you running?
> >
> > Hope this helps.
> >
> > Regards,
> > Ronald.
> >
> >
> > Hi Ronald,
> >
> > Thanks for sharing the information, really appreciate it! I will try the
> newfs (newfs /dev/da0s1a) with my USB drive and then afterwards mount it to
> the host system. I can't fetch the base system since I'm cross-compiling a
> 32-bit MIPS (mipsel) system in an older FreeBSD 11.4 x86_64 release. I just
> downloaded the kernel source (/usrc/src). What I have at the moment is a
> successful cross-build of a system using the build command below;
> >
> > cd /usr/src; make KERNCONF=RT305X TARGET=mips TARGET_ARCH=mipsel
> kernel-toolchain buildkernel buildworld installkernel installworld
> distribution DESTDIR=/tmp/rt3050
> >
> > that instead of using the DESTDIR= /tmp/rt3050, I will try replacing it
> with a mounted /dev/da0s1a. And then let me also try building without the
> kernel.
>
Hi Ronald,
Ah, yes, with DESTDIR you will have same effect.
> Before you can newfs the USB drive you need to partition it using gpart.
> Some example usages can be found here:
> https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?gpart(8)#EXAMPLES
> For flash drives it is often a good idea to align on 1M by adding '-a 1M'
> to gpart.
> And GPT is often more simple to use than MBR. As you use the kernel to
> load the USB drive I'm pretty sure GPT is supported.
>
Thanks for providing further valuable information! These are the missing
pieces of the root filesystem that I want. Maybe I missed something on GPT
with gpart as it doesn't work but with MBR it did.
With GPT,
root@:~ # /sbin/gpart destroy -F da0
da0 destroyed
root@:~ # gpart create -s GPT da0
da0 created
root@:~ # /sbin/gpart add -t freebsd-ufs -a 1M -s 8G da0
da0p1 added
root@:~ # /sbin/newfs /dev/da0p1
/dev/da0p1: 7168.0MB (14680064 sectors) block size 32768, fragment size 4096
using 12 cylinder groups of 626.09MB, 20035 blks, 80256 inodes.
super-block backups (for fsck_ffs -b #) at:
192, 1282432, 2564672, 3846912, 5129152, 6411392, 7693632, 8975872,
10258112, 11540352, 12822592, 14104832
root@:~ # gpart show
...
=> 40 15523760 da0 GPT (7.4G)
40 2008 - free - (1.0M)
2048 14680064 1 freebsd-ufs (7.0G)
14682112 841688 - free - (411M)
Upon kernel boot-up, only da0 is present in the list.
...
mountroot> ?
List of GEOM managed disk devices:
da0 flash/spi0
mountroot> ufs:/dev/da0p1
Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/da0p1 []...
mountroot: waiting for device /dev/da0p1...
Mounting from ufs:/dev/da0p1 failed with error 19.
...
With MBR,
root@:~ # /sbin/gpart create -s MBR da0
da0 created
root@:~ # /sbin/gpart add -t freebsd -s 14G da0
da0s1 added
root@:~ # /sbin/gpart set -a active -i 1 da0
active set on da0s1
root@:~ # /sbin/gpart bootcode -b /boot/boot0 da0
bootcode written to da0
root@:~ # /sbin/gpart create -s BSD -n 20 da0s1
da0s1 created
root@:~ # /sbin/gpart add -t freebsd-ufs -s 8G da0s1
da0s1a added
root@:~ # /sbin/gpart bootcode -b /boot/boot da0s1
bootcode written to da0s1
root@:~ #
root@:~ # gpart show
...
=> 63 30031809 da0 MBR (14G)
63 29360128 1 freebsd [active] (14G)
29360191 671681 - free - (328M)
=> 0 29360128 da0s1 BSD (14G)
0 16777216 1 freebsd-ufs (8.0G)
16777216 12582912 - free - (6.0G)
root@:~ # /sbin/newfs /dev/da0s1a
/dev/da0s1a: 8192.0MB (16777216 sectors) block size 32768, fragment size
4096
using 14 cylinder groups of 626.09MB, 20035 blks, 80256 inodes.
super-block backups (for fsck_ffs -b #) at:
192, 1282432, 2564672, 3846912, 5129152, 6411392, 7693632, 8975872,
10258112, 11540352, 12822592, 14104832, 15387072, 16669312
and upon kernel boot-up, da0s1a slice is detected, that's why it's
mountable.
...
mountroot> ?
List of GEOM managed disk devices:
da0s1a da0s1 da0 flash/spi0
mountroot> ufs:/dev/da0s1a
Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/da0s1a []...
mountroot: unable to remount devfs under /dev (error 2)
mountroot: unable to unlink /dev/dev (error 2)
Warning: no time-of-day clock registered, system time will not be set
accurately
start_init: trying /sbin/init
...
>
> I had a system on 11.2 which used this option in the kernel config file.
>
> options ROOTDEVNAME=\"ufs:/dev/da0s1a\"
>
>
Thanks to this kernel config option I added it as it's very useful, once
called during kernel boot-up it automatically mounts the root filesystem in
the USB flash drive. It's like a binder between the kernel and the root
filesystem.
>
>
> Happy hacking.
> Let us know if it all works out.
>
Yes, thanks a lot! I've made it. Here's the flow of the booting process
from U-Boot loader up to login. I never touch anything yet on adding the
/etc/fstab.
U-Boot 1.1.3 Rev 0.3 by WErt(WErt) 4PDA (May 19 2016 - 14:41:04)
Board: Ralink APSoC DRAM: 32 MB
******************************
Software System Reset Occurred
******************************
Ralink SPI flash driver, SPI clock: 15MHz
spi device id: c2 20 16 c2 20 (2016c220)
find flash: MX25L3205D
..
============================================
Ralink U-Boot Version: 5.0.0.5
--------------------------------------------
ASIC 5350_MP (Port5<->None)
DRAM_CONF_FROM: Boot-Strapping
DRAM_TYPE: SDRAM
DRAM_SIZE: 256 Mbits
DRAM_WIDTH: 16 bits
DRAM_TOTAL_WIDTH: 16 bits
TOTAL_MEMORY_SIZE: 32 MBytes
Flash component: SPI Flash
Date:May 19 2016 Time:14:41:04
============================================
icache: sets:256, ways:4, linesz:32, total:32768
dcache: sets:128, ways:4, linesz:32, total:16384
#### The CPU freq = 360 MHZ ####
estimate memory size = 32 Mbytes
Please choose the operation:
0: Load system code then write to Flash via Serial.
1: Load system code to SDRAM via TFTP.
2: Load system code then write to Flash via TFTP.
3: Boot system code via Flash (default).
4: Enter boot command line interface.
5: Load system code then write to Flash via USB Storage.
6: Load U-Boot code then write to Flash via USB Storage.
7: Load U-Boot code then write to Flash via Serial.
8: Load U-Boot code to SDRAM via TFTP.
9: Load U-Boot code then write to Flash via TFTP.
0 .
3: System Boot system code via Flash.
## Checking image at bc050000 ...
. Image Name: FreeBSD Kernel UC Image8
Image Type: MIPS Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed)
Data Size: 3675932 Bytes = 3.5 MB
Load Address: 80001100
Entry Point: 80001100
......................................................... Verifying
Checksum ... OK
OK
No initrd
## Transferring control to Linux (at address 80001100) ...
## Giving linux memsize in MB, 32
Starting kernel ...
U-Boot args (from 0 args):
None
Environment:
memsize=32
initrd_start=0x00000000
initrd_size=0x0
flash_start=0x00000000
flash_size=0x400000
entry: mips_init()
Cache info:
picache_stride = 4096
picache_loopcount = 8
pdcache_stride = 4096
pdcache_loopcount = 4
cpu0: MIPS Technologies processor v76.150
MMU: Standard TLB, 32 entries (4K 16K 64K 256K 1M 16M 64M 256M pg sizes)
L1 i-cache: 4 ways of 256 sets, 32 bytes per line
L1 d-cache: 4 ways of 128 sets, 32 bytes per line
L2 cache: disabled
Config1=0xbea3319e<PerfCount,WatchRegs,MIPS16,EJTAG>
Config2=0x80000000
Config3=0x420
Physical memory chunk(s):
0x3b3000 - 0x1ffffff, 29675520 bytes (7245 pages)
Maxmem is 0x2000000
Copyright (c) 1992-2020 The FreeBSD Project.
Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation.
FreeBSD 11.4-RELEASE #20: Fri Oct 14 15:25:17 UTC 2022
root@:/usr/obj/mips.mipsel/usr/src/sys/RT5350_USB mips
gcc version 4.2.1 20070831 patched [FreeBSD]
Preloaded elf kernel "kernel" at 0x803acf50.
real memory = 33554432 (32768K bytes)
Physical memory chunk(s):
0x0043f000 - 0x01f44fff, 28336128 bytes (6918 pages)
avail memory = 27901952 (26MB)
ULE: setup cpu 0
random: entropy device external interface
null: <full device, null device, zero device>
mem: <memory>
nexus0: <MIPS32 root nexus>
random: harvesting attach, 8 bytes (4 bits) from nexus0
clock0: <Generic MIPS32 ticker> on nexus0
Timecounter "MIPS32" frequency 180000000 Hz quality 800
Event timer "MIPS32" frequency 180000000 Hz quality 800
random: harvesting attach, 8 bytes (4 bits) from clock0
obio0 at mem 0x10000000-0x1fffffff on nexus0
rt305x_sysctl0: <RT305X System Control driver> at mem 0x10000000-0x100000ff
irq 0 on obio0
Chip ID: "RT5350 "
SYSCTL_SYSCFG=0x103000
random: harvesting attach, 8 bytes (4 bits) from rt305x_sysctl0
rt305x_ic0: <RT305X Interrupt Controller driver> at mem
0x10000200-0x100002ff on obio0
random: harvesting attach, 8 bytes (4 bits) from rt305x_ic0
uart0: <rt305x_uart> at mem 0x10000500-0x100005ff irq 5 on obio0
uart0: fast interrupt
uart0: PPS capture mode: DCDinvalid
random: harvesting attach, 8 bytes (4 bits) from uart0
spi0: <RT305X SPI> at mem 0x10000b00-0x10000bff on obio0
spibus0: <SPI bus> on spi0
mx25l0: <M25Pxx Flash Family> at cs 0 mode 0 on spibus0
mx25l0: device type mx25ll32, size 4096K in 64 sectors of 64K, erase size
64K
random: harvesting attach, 8 bytes (4 bits) from mx25l0
random: harvesting attach, 8 bytes (4 bits) from spibus0
random: harvesting attach, 8 bytes (4 bits) from spi0
uart1: <rt305x_uart> at mem 0x10000c00-0x10000cff irq 12 on obio0
uart1: console (115200,n,8,1)
uart1: fast interrupt
uart1: PPS capture mode: DCDinvalid
random: harvesting attach, 8 bytes (4 bits) from uart1
ehci0: <Ralink integrated USB 2.0 controller> at mem 0x101c0000-0x101c0fff
irq 18 on obio0
usbus0: EHCI version 1.0
usbus0 on ehci0
ehci0: usbpf: Attached
random: harvesting attach, 8 bytes (4 bits) from usbus0
random: harvesting attach, 8 bytes (4 bits) from ehci0
random: harvesting attach, 8 bytes (4 bits) from obio0
rt0: <Ralink RT5350 onChip Ethernet driver> at mem 0x10100000-0x1010ffff
irq 3 on nexus0
rt0: RT5350 Ethernet MAC (rev 0x00000000)
rt0: use hardcoded 00:18:e7:d5:83:90 macaddr
rt0: Ethernet address: 00:18:e7:d5:83:90
random: harvesting attach, 8 bytes (4 bits) from rt0
Device configuration finished.
Timecounters tick every 10.000 msec
tcp_init: net.inet.tcp.tcbhashsize auto tuned to 512
GEOM: new disk flash/spi0
usbus0: 480Mbps High Speed USB v2.0
Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/da0s1a []...
Root mount waiting for: usbus0
ugen0.1: <Ralink EHCI root HUB> at usbus0
uhub0: <Ralink EHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus0
uhub0: 1 port with 1 removable, self powered
random: harvesting attach, 8 bytes (4 bits) from uhub0
Root mount waiting for: usbus0
Root mount waiting for: usbus0
ugen0.2: <SanDisk Ultra Fit> at usbus0
umass0 on uhub0
umass0: <SanDisk Ultra Fit, class 0/0, rev 2.10/1.00, addr 2> on usbus0
umass0:0:0: Attached to scbus0
random: harvesting attach, 8 bytes (4 bits) from umass0
mountroot: waiting for device /dev/da0s1a...
pass0 at umass-sim0 bus 0 scbus0 target 0 lun 0
pass0: <SanDisk Ultra Fit 1.00> Removable Direct Access SPC-4 SCSI device
pass0: Serial Number 4C530000070424102200
pass0: 40.000MB/s transfers
GEOM: new disk da0
da0 at umass-sim0 bus 0 scbus0 target 0 lun 0
da0: <SanDisk Ultra Fit 1.00> Removable Direct Access SPC-4 SCSI device
da0: Serial Number 4C530000070424102200
da0: 40.000MB/s transfers
da0: 14664MB (30031872 512 byte sectors)
da0: quirks=0x2<NO_6_BYTE>
da0: Delete methods: <NONE(*),ZERO>
Warning: no time-of-day clock registered, system time will not be set
accurately
start_init: trying /sbin/init
Setting hostuuid: 4e22d8d6-4bce-11ed-b0aa-0018e7d58390.
Setting hostid: 0x351daf11.
eval: cannot open /etc/fstab: No such file or directory
fstab: /etc/fstab:0: No such file or directory
Warning! No /etc/fstab: skipping disk checks.
fstab: /etc/fstab:0: No such file or directory
Mounting local filesystems:fstab: /etc/fstab:0: No such file or directory
.
ELF ldconfig path: /lib /usr/lib /usr/lib/compat
random: unblocking device.
/etc/rc: WARNING: $hostname is not set -- see rc.conf(5).
Setting up harvesting:
[UMA],[FS_ATIME],SWI,INTERRUPT,NET_NG,NET_ETHER,NET_TUN,MOUSE,KEYBOARD,ATTACH,CACHED
Feeding entropy: .
lo0: link state changed to UP
Starting Network: lo0.
lo0: flags=8049<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING,MULTICAST> metric 0 mtu 16384
options=680003<RXCSUM,TXCSUM,LINKSTATE,RXCSUM_IPV6,TXCSUM_IPV6>
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 0xff000000
groups: lo
Starting devd.
add host 127.0.0.1: gateway lo0 fib 0: route already in table
fstab: /etc/fstab:0: No such file or directory
fstab: /etc/fstab:0: No such file or directory
Creating and/or trimming log files.
Starting syslogd.
Clearing /tmp (X related).
Updating motd:.
Mounting late filesystems:fstab: /etc/fstab:0: No such file or directory
.
fstab: /etc/fstab:0: No such file or directory
Starting sendmail_submit.
Starting sendmail_msp_queue.
Starting cron.
eval: cannot open /etc/fstab: No such file or directory
Starting background file system checks in 60 seconds.
Fri Oct 14 20:17
FreeBSD/mips (Amnesiac) (ttyu1)
login: root
Last login: Fri Oct 14 16:15:17 on ttyu1
Oct 14 20:49:08 login: ROOT LOGIN (root) ON ttyu1
FreeBSD 11.4-RELEASE (RT5350_USB) #20: Fri Oct 14 15:25:17 UTC 2022
Welcome to FreeBSD!
Release Notes, Errata: https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/
Security Advisories: https://www.FreeBSD.org/security/
FreeBSD Handbook: https://www.FreeBSD.org/handbook/
FreeBSD FAQ: https://www.FreeBSD.org/faq/
Questions List:
https://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions/
FreeBSD Forums: https://forums.FreeBSD.org/
Documents installed with the system are in the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd/
directory, or can be installed later with: pkg install en-freebsd-doc
For other languages, replace "en" with a language code like de or fr.
Show the version of FreeBSD installed: freebsd-version ; uname -a
Please include that output and any error messages when posting questions.
Introduction to manual pages: man man
FreeBSD directory layout: man hier
Edit /etc/motd to change this login announcement.
root@:~ #
root@:~ # uname -a
FreeBSD 11.4-RELEASE FreeBSD 11.4-RELEASE #20: Fri Oct 14 15:25:17 UTC
2022 root@:/usr/obj/mips.mipsel/usr/src/sys/RT5350_USB mips
I tried adding an IP address to the rt0 network interface including default
and it works as well.
root@:~ # ifconfig
rt0: flags=8802<BROADCAST,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> metric 0 mtu 1500
options=b<RXCSUM,TXCSUM,VLAN_MTU>
ether 00:18:e7:d5:83:90
hwaddr 00:18:e7:d5:83:90
media: Ethernet 100baseTX <full-duplex>
status: active
lo0: flags=8049<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING,MULTICAST> metric 0 mtu 16384
options=680003<RXCSUM,TXCSUM,LINKSTATE,RXCSUM_IPV6,TXCSUM_IPV6>
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 0xff000000
groups: lo
root@:~ #
root@:~ # ifconfig rt0 inet 192.168.1.215 netmask 255.255.255.0
root@:~ # ifconfig rt0
rt0: flags=8843<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> metric 0 mtu 1500
options=b<RXCSUM,TXCSUM,VLAN_MTU>
ether 00:18:e7:d5:83:90
hwaddr 00:18:e7:d5:83:90
inet 192.168.1.215 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 192.168.1.255
media: Ethernet 100baseTX <full-duplex>
status: active
root@:~ #
root@:~ # route add -inet default 192.168.1.1
add net default: gateway 192.168.1.1
root@:~ # netstat -rn
Routing tables
Internet:
Destination Gateway Flags Netif Expire
default 192.168.1.1 UGS rt0
127.0.0.1 link#2 UH lo0
192.168.1.0/24 link#1 U rt0
192.168.1.215 link#1 UHS lo0
root@:~ #
root@:~ # traceroute 216.58.200.238 <--------- google.com IP
traceroute to 216.58.200.238 (216.58.200.238), 64 hops max, 40 byte packets
1 smartbrosettings.net (192.168.1.1) 1.727 ms 0.888 ms 0.786 ms
2 * * *
3 * * *
4 * * *
5 * * *
6 27.110.255.33 (27.110.255.33) 35.536 ms 26.458 ms 15.635 ms
7 210.213.130.15.static.pldt.net (210.213.130.15) 17.515 ms
210.213.130.13.static.pldt.net (210.213.130.13) 18.300 ms
210.213.130.15.static.pldt.net (210.213.130.15) 18.509 ms
8 210.213.130.7.static.pldt.net (210.213.130.7) 57.830 ms 60.194 ms
210.213.130.97.static.pldt.net (210.213.130.97) 51.395 ms
9 74.125.118.24 (74.125.118.24) 71.609 ms
72.14.195.168 (72.14.195.168) 60.027 ms 44.248 ms
10 * * *
11 66.249.94.222 (66.249.94.222) 61.563 ms
142.251.245.20 (142.251.245.20) 61.087 ms 65.270 ms
12 108.170.241.112 (108.170.241.112) 58.601 ms 42.972 ms
108.170.241.80 (108.170.241.80) 77.755 ms
13 209.85.250.133 (209.85.250.133) 63.080 ms
hkg07s47-in-f14.1e100.net (216.58.200.238) 73.084 ms 86.918 ms
root@:~ #
root@:~ # ping -c 5 216.58.200.238
PING 216.58.200.238 (216.58.200.238): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 216.58.200.238: icmp_seq=0 ttl=55 time=60.700 ms
64 bytes from 216.58.200.238: icmp_seq=1 ttl=55 time=62.175 ms
64 bytes from 216.58.200.238: icmp_seq=2 ttl=55 time=58.768 ms
64 bytes from 216.58.200.238: icmp_seq=3 ttl=55 time=57.592 ms
64 bytes from 216.58.200.238: icmp_seq=4 ttl=55 time=61.002 ms
--- 216.58.200.238 ping statistics ---
5 packets transmitted, 5 packets received, 0.0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 57.592/60.047/62.175/1.645 ms
root@:~ #
Checking the default running processes.
root@:~ # top -S
last pid: 641; load averages: 0.31, 0.33, 0.37
up 0+00:39:46 20:55:54
27 processes: 2 running, 24 sleeping, 1 waiting
CPU: 0.4% user, 0.0% nice, 0.9% system, 0.0% interrupt, 98.7% idle
Mem: 10M Active, 7120K Inact, 8948K Wired, 3100K Buf, 1088K Free
Swap:
PID USERNAME THR PRI NICE SIZE RES STATE TIME WCPU COMMAND
10 root 1 155 ki31 0K 8K RUN 38:00 98.89% idle
641 root 1 20 0 7912K 2624K RUN 0:00 0.82% top
11 root 9 -52 - 0K 72K WAIT 0:03 0.22% intr
4 root 1 -16 - 0K 8K - 0:01 0.03%
rand_harvestq
0 root 7 -16 - 0K 56K swapin 0:00 0.03% kernel
9 root 3 -16 - 0K 24K psleep 0:00 0.00%
pagedaemon
18 root 1 16 - 0K 8K syncer 0:00 0.00% syncer
15 root 1 -16 - 0K 8K - 0:00 0.00%
bufspacedaemon
16 root 1 -16 - 0K 8K psleep 0:00 0.00% bufdaemon
17 root 1 -16 - 0K 8K vlruwt 0:00 0.00% vnlru
13 root 5 -68 - 0K 40K - 0:01 0.00% usb
615 root 1 20 0 7288K 2624K pause 0:01 0.00% csh
535 root 1 20 0 9756K 3020K select 0:00 0.00% sendmail
12 root 3 -8 - 0K 24K - 0:00 0.00% geom
2 root 2 -16 - 0K 16K - 0:00 0.00% cam
585 root 1 21 0 6896K 1676K wait 0:00 0.00% login
336 root 1 20 0 6268K 1220K select 0:00 0.00% syslogd
542 root 1 37 0 6304K 1152K nanslp 0:00 0.00% cron
1 root 1 22 0 5504K 492K wait 0:00 0.00% init
538 smmsp 1 20 0 9756K 1668K pause 0:00 0.00% sendmail
278 root 1 20 0 7084K 460K select 0:00 0.00% devd
5 root 1 -16 - 0K 8K - 0:00 0.00% soaiod1
8 root 1 -16 - 0K 8K - 0:00 0.00% soaiod4
6 root 1 -16 - 0K 8K - 0:00 0.00% soaiod2
7 root 1 -16 - 0K 8K - 0:00 0.00% soaiod3
14 root 1 155 ki31 0K 8K pgzero 0:00 0.00% pagezero
3 root 1 -16 - 0K 8K mx25jq 0:00 0.00% task:
mx25l flash
This device is the M1 router (a.k.a. 11V-5A or A5-V11) with Ralink RT5350F
SoC 360Mhz CPU with built-in USB port, Wi-Fi and an Ethernet LAN card. It
has a default Linux 2.6 OS with busybox accessible via telnet. It has been
described here from OpenWRT https://openwrt.org/toh/unbranded/a5-v11. It's
as little as a cigarette lighter having 6cm. x 2cm. board dimension.
Again, thanks a lot Ronald!
Best regards,
Archimedes