armv7 main's gpart: signal 11 core dump during boot, before login; xo_format_string_direct; official pkgbase distribution (kernel and world)

From: Mark Millard <marklmi_at_yahoo.com>
Date: Sun, 28 Dec 2025 06:03:06 UTC
Context:

# uname -apKU
FreeBSD OPiP2E-RPi2v1p1 16.0-CURRENT FreeBSD 16.0-CURRENT main-n282732-939ac0c8fde2 GENERIC-NODEBUG arm armv7 1600007 1600007

That is an official pkgbase distribution that I installed, not
a personal build. pkgbase for main has world being a debug
build, no matter which of the kernels one choses to boot.
For pkgbase, 939ac0c8fde2 would be correct(?) for the kernel
but might not be exact for the world: /usr/src/sys/ and
/usr/src/ (without sys/) are from different times, last I
knew anyway. Changes can happen between.

During boot, the time on the Orange Pi Plus 2ed is bad so:

# ls -lodT /gpart.core 
-rw-------  1 root wheel nodump 3174400 Jan  1 00:01:01 2010 /gpart.core

Also, for pkgbase, a source file distributed can be newer
for its time stamp than the program distributed that was
based on the source file. Such happens below.



Core was generated by `gpart show'.
Program terminated with signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.
Address not mapped to object.
#0  xo_format_string_direct (xop=xop@entry=0x2009b120, xbp=xbp@entry=0x2009b150, flags=flags@entry=4096, wcp=0x0, cp=0x6e480000 <error: Cannot access memory at address 0x6e480000>, len=-1, max=-1, 
    need_enc=3, have_enc=2) at /usr/src/contrib/libxo/libxo/libxo.c:2715

warning: Source file is more recent than executable.
2715		    if (*cp == '\0')
(gdb) bt
#0  xo_format_string_direct (xop=xop@entry=0x2009b120, xbp=xbp@entry=0x2009b150, flags=flags@entry=4096, wcp=0x0, cp=0x6e480000 <error: Cannot access memory at address 0x6e480000>, len=-1, max=-1, 
    need_enc=3, have_enc=2) at /usr/src/contrib/libxo/libxo/libxo.c:2715
#1  0x20150908 in xo_format_string (xop=0x2009b120, xbp=0x2009b150, flags=4096, xfp=0xbfbfd280) at /usr/src/contrib/libxo/libxo/libxo.c:2982
#2  xo_do_format_field (xop=<optimized out>, xop@entry=0x2009b120, xbp=0x2009b150, fmt=fmt@entry=0x20130635 "%s", flen=flen@entry=2, flags=4096) at /usr/src/contrib/libxo/libxo/libxo.c:3503
#3  0x2014c69c in xo_simple_field (xop=0x2009b120, encode_only=0, value=0x0, vlen=0, fmt=0x20130635 "%s", flen=2, flags=<optimized out>) at /usr/src/contrib/libxo/libxo/libxo.c:3817
#4  xo_format_value (xop=<optimized out>, xop@entry=0x2009b120, name=<optimized out>, name@entry=0x204bf931 "state}\n", nlen=<optimized out>, nlen@entry=5, value=0x0, vlen=0, fmt=0x20130635 "%s", 
    flen=2, encoding=0x0, elen=0, flags=<optimized out>) at /usr/src/contrib/libxo/libxo/libxo.c:4373
#5  0x20148710 in xo_do_emit_fields (xop=<optimized out>, xop@entry=0x2009b120, fields=<optimized out>, fields@entry=0xbfbfd7e8, max_fields=max_fields@entry=17, fmt=<optimized out>)
    at /usr/src/contrib/libxo/libxo/libxo.c:6372
#6  0x201476a0 in xo_do_emit (xop=xop@entry=0x2009b120, flags=<optimized out>, fmt=fmt@entry=0x204bf8e3 "=>{t:start/%*jd}  {t:sectors/%*jd}  {t:name/%*s}  {:scheme}  ({h:size/%ld}){t:state}\n")
    at /usr/src/contrib/libxo/libxo/libxo.c:6551
#7  0x20147840 in xo_emit (fmt=0x204bf8e3 "=>{t:start/%*jd}  {t:sectors/%*jd}  {t:name/%*s}  {:scheme}  ({h:size/%ld}){t:state}\n") at /usr/src/contrib/libxo/libxo/libxo.c:6622
#8  0x204d1fd4 in gpart_show_geom (gp=gp@entry=0x20089168, element=element@entry=0x204bfe51 "type", show_providers=show_providers@entry=0) at /usr/src/lib/geom/part/geom_part.c:654
#9  0x204d1048 in gpart_show (req=0x20089000, fl=<optimized out>) at /usr/src/lib/geom/part/geom_part.c:793
#10 0x000230dc in run_command (argc=0, argv=<optimized out>) at /usr/src/sbin/geom/core/geom.c:497
#11 0x00022308 in main (argc=1, argv=0xbfbfed90) at /usr/src/sbin/geom/core/geom.c:861
(gdb) list
2710	    for (;;) {
2711		if (len == 0)
2712		    break;
2713	
2714		if (cp) {
2715		    if (*cp == '\0')
2716			break;
2717		    if ((flags & XFF_UNESCAPE) && (*cp == '\\' || *cp == '%')) {
2718			cp += 1;
2719			len -= 1;
(gdb) up
#1  0x20150908 in xo_format_string (xop=0x2009b120, xbp=0x2009b150, flags=4096, xfp=0xbfbfd280) at /usr/src/contrib/libxo/libxo/libxo.c:2982
2982	    cols = xo_format_string_direct(xop, xbp, flags, wcp, cp, len,
(gdb) list
2977	
2978		    return rc;
2979		}
2980	    }
2981	
2982	    cols = xo_format_string_direct(xop, xbp, flags, wcp, cp, len,
2983					   xfp->xf_width[XF_WIDTH_MAX],
2984					   need_enc, xfp->xf_enc);
2985	    if (cols < 0)
2986		goto bail;
(gdb) list
3498	
3499			xf.xf_enc = (xf.xf_fc == 'm') ? XF_ENC_UTF8
3500			    : (xf.xf_lflag || (xf.xf_fc == 'S')) ? XF_ENC_WIDE
3501			    : xf.xf_hflag ? XF_ENC_LOCALE : XF_ENC_UTF8;
3502	
3503			rc = xo_format_string(xop, xbp, flags, &xf);
3504	
3505			if ((flags & XFF_TRIM_WS) && xo_style_is_encoding(xop))
3506			    rc = xo_trim_ws(xbp, rc);
3507	
(gdb) up
#3  0x2014c69c in xo_simple_field (xop=0x2009b120, encode_only=0, value=0x0, vlen=0, fmt=0x20130635 "%s", flen=2, flags=<optimized out>) at /usr/src/contrib/libxo/libxo/libxo.c:3817
3817		xo_do_format_field(xop, NULL, fmt, flen, flags);
(gdb) list
3812	{
3813	    if (encode_only)
3814		flags |= XFF_NO_OUTPUT;
3815	
3816	    if (vlen == 0)
3817		xo_do_format_field(xop, NULL, fmt, flen, flags);
3818	    else if (!encode_only)
3819		xo_data_append_content(xop, value, vlen, flags);
3820	}
3821	
(gdb) up
#4  xo_format_value (xop=<optimized out>, xop@entry=0x2009b120, name=<optimized out>, name@entry=0x204bf931 "state}\n", nlen=<optimized out>, nlen@entry=5, value=0x0, vlen=0, fmt=0x20130635 "%s", 
    flen=2, encoding=0x0, elen=0, flags=<optimized out>) at /usr/src/contrib/libxo/libxo/libxo.c:4373
4373		xo_simple_field(xop, FALSE, value, vlen, fmt, flen, flags);
(gdb) list
4368	
4369		save.xhs_offset = xbp->xb_curp - xbp->xb_bufp;
4370		save.xhs_columns = xop->xo_columns;
4371		save.xhs_anchor_columns = xop->xo_anchor_columns;
4372	
4373		xo_simple_field(xop, FALSE, value, vlen, fmt, flen, flags);
4374	
4375		if (flags & XFF_HUMANIZE)
4376		    xo_format_humanize(xop, xbp, &save, flags);
4377		break;
(gdb) up
#5  0x20148710 in xo_do_emit_fields (xop=<optimized out>, xop@entry=0x2009b120, fields=<optimized out>, fields@entry=0xbfbfd7e8, max_fields=max_fields@entry=17, fmt=<optimized out>)
    at /usr/src/contrib/libxo/libxo/libxo.c:6372
6372		    xo_format_value(xop, content, clen, NULL, 0,
(gdb) list
6367			flags &= ~XFF_WS; /* Prevent later handling of this flag */
6368		    }
6369		}
6370	
6371		if (ftype == 'V')
6372		    xo_format_value(xop, content, clen, NULL, 0,
6373				    xfip->xfi_format, xfip->xfi_flen,
6374				    xfip->xfi_encoding, xfip->xfi_elen, flags);
6375		else if (ftype == '[')
6376		    xo_anchor_start(xop, xfip, content, clen);
(gdb) up
#6  0x201476a0 in xo_do_emit (xop=xop@entry=0x2009b120, flags=<optimized out>, fmt=fmt@entry=0x204bf8e3 "=>{t:start/%*jd}  {t:sectors/%*jd}  {t:name/%*s}  {:scheme}  ({h:size/%ld}){t:state}\n")
    at /usr/src/contrib/libxo/libxo/libxo.c:6551
6551	    return xo_do_emit_fields(xop, fields, max_fields, fmt);
(gdb) list
6546		    /* Retain the info */
6547		    xo_retain_add(fmt, fields, max_fields);
6548		}
6549	    }
6550	
6551	    return xo_do_emit_fields(xop, fields, max_fields, fmt);
6552	}
6553	
6554	/*
6555	 * Rebuild a format string in a gettext-friendly format.  This function
(gdb) up
#7  0x20147840 in xo_emit (fmt=0x204bf8e3 "=>{t:start/%*jd}  {t:sectors/%*jd}  {t:name/%*s}  {:scheme}  ({h:size/%ld}){t:state}\n") at /usr/src/contrib/libxo/libxo/libxo.c:6622
6622	    rc = xo_do_emit(xop, 0, fmt);
(gdb) list
6617	{
6618	    xo_handle_t *xop = xo_default(NULL);
6619	    ssize_t rc;
6620	
6621	    va_start(xop->xo_vap, fmt);
6622	    rc = xo_do_emit(xop, 0, fmt);
6623	    va_end(xop->xo_vap);
6624	    bzero(&xop->xo_vap, sizeof(xop->xo_vap));
6625	
6626	    return rc;
(gdb) up
#8  0x204d1fd4 in gpart_show_geom (gp=gp@entry=0x20089168, element=element@entry=0x204bfe51 "type", show_providers=show_providers@entry=0) at /usr/src/lib/geom/part/geom_part.c:654
warning: Source file is more recent than executable.
654		xo_emit("=>{t:start/%*jd}  {t:sectors/%*jd}  {t:name/%*s}  {:scheme}  ({h:size/%ld}){t:state}\n",
(gdb) list
649		}
650		wname = wmax;
651		pp = LIST_FIRST(&gp->lg_consumer)->lg_provider;
652		secsz = pp->lg_sectorsize;
653		xo_open_instance("part");
654		xo_emit("=>{t:start/%*jd}  {t:sectors/%*jd}  {t:name/%*s}  {:scheme}  ({h:size/%ld}){t:state}\n",
655			wblocks, (intmax_t)first, wblocks, (intmax_t)(last - first + 1),
656			wname, gp->lg_name,
657			scheme, pp->lg_mediasize,
658			s ? " [CORRUPT]": "");
(gdb) up
#9  0x204d1048 in gpart_show (req=0x20089000, fl=<optimized out>) at /usr/src/lib/geom/part/geom_part.c:793
793				gpart_show_geom(gp, element, show_providers);
(gdb) list
788				else
789					errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "No such geom: %s.", name);
790			}
791		} else {
792			LIST_FOREACH(gp, &classp->lg_geom, lg_geom) {
793				gpart_show_geom(gp, element, show_providers);
794			}
795		}
796		xo_close_list(name);
797		geom_deletetree(&mesh);
(gdb) up
#10 0x000230dc in run_command (argc=0, argv=<optimized out>) at /usr/src/sbin/geom/core/geom.c:497
warning: Source file is more recent than executable.
497			cmd->gc_func(req, flags);
(gdb) list
492		buf[0] = '\0';
493		if (cmd->gc_func != NULL) {
494			unsigned flags;
495	
496			flags = set_flags(cmd);
497			cmd->gc_func(req, flags);
498			errstr = req->error;
499		} else {
500			gctl_add_param(req, "output", sizeof(buf), buf,
501			    GCTL_PARAM_WR | GCTL_PARAM_ASCII);
(gdb) up
#11 0x00022308 in main (argc=1, argv=0xbfbfed90) at /usr/src/sbin/geom/core/geom.c:861
861		run_command(argc, argv);
(gdb) list
856			show_tree();
857			return (0);
858		}
859	
860		get_class(&argc, &argv);
861		run_command(argc, argv);
862		/* NOTREACHED */
863	
864		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
865	}


For reference:

# ls -lodT /usr/src/contrib/libxo/libxo/libxo.c /usr/src/lib/geom/part/geom_part.c /usr/src/sbin/geom/core/geom.c /sbin/gpart
-r-xr-xr-x  17 root wheel -  30720 Dec 18 07:22:59 2025 /sbin/gpart
-rw-r--r--   1 root wheel - 211505 Dec 24 08:29:29 2025 /usr/src/contrib/libxo/libxo/libxo.c
-rw-r--r--   1 root wheel -  35380 Dec 24 08:29:29 2025 /usr/src/lib/geom/part/geom_part.c
-rw-r--r--   1 root wheel -  36298 Dec 24 08:29:29 2025 /usr/src/sbin/geom/core/geom.c

That explains the "warning: Source file is more recent than executable"
messages.


===
Mark Millard
marklmi at yahoo.com