ld error (undefined symbol) while compiling sqlite3

Reply: Yuri : "Re: ld error (undefined symbol) while compiling sqlite3"
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From: Archimedes Gaviola <archimedes.gaviola_at_gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 26 Nov 2022 15:10:58 UTC
Hi,

For some reason, I am compiling sqlite3 from the /usr/src/contrib/sqlite3
source using
FreeBSD-14.0-CURRENT-arm64-aarch64-RPI-20221027-769b884e2e2-258837. I
created a /usr/src/usr.bin/sqlite3 directory and created a Makefile file
with content referred to the source.

root@generic:/usr/src/usr.bin/sqlite3 # ls -la
total 16
drwxr-xr-x    2 root  wheel   512 Nov 26 12:46 .
drwxr-xr-x  279 root  wheel  5120 Nov 26 12:46 ..
-rw-r--r--    1 root  wheel   295 Nov 26 16:50 Makefile

root@generic:/usr/src/usr.bin/sqlite3 # cat Makefile
# $FreeBSD$

.include <src.opts.mk>

SQLITE= ${SRCTOP}/contrib/sqlite3
.PATH:  ${SQLITE}

PROG= sqlite3
MK_MAN=no
SRCS= sqlite3.c
INCS= shell.c sqlite3.h

WARNS?= 3
CFLAGS+=        -I${SQLITE} \
                -DSQLITE_THREADSAFE=0 \
                -DSQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION

.include <bsd.prog.mk>

With 'make' command invoked, I encountered this error -> ld: error:
undefined symbol: main as referenced to the crt1_c.c:72
(/usr/src/lib/csu/aarch64/crt1_c.c:72) file. See below details for the
actual error.

root@generic:/usr/src/usr.bin/sqlite3 # make
cc  -O2 -pipe -fno-common -I/usr/src/contrib/sqlite3  -DSQLITE_THREADSAFE=1
 -DSQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION   -fPIE -g -gz=zlib -MD  -MF.depend.sqlite3.o
-MTsqlite3.o -std=gnu99 -Wno-format-zero-length -fstack-protector-strong
-Wsystem-headers -Werror -Wall -Wno-format-y2k -W -Wno-unused-parameter
-Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes -Wpointer-arith -Wno-uninitialized
-Wno-pointer-sign -Wno-empty-body -Wno-string-plus-int
-Wno-unused-const-variable -Wno-error=unused-but-set-variable
-Wno-tautological-compare -Wno-unused-value -Wno-parentheses-equality
-Wno-unused-function -Wno-enum-conversion -Wno-unused-local-typedef
-Wno-address-of-packed-member  -Qunused-arguments    -c
/usr/src/contrib/sqlite3/sqlite3.c -o sqlite3.o
cc -O2 -pipe -fno-common -I/usr/src/contrib/sqlite3 -DSQLITE_THREADSAFE=1
-DSQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION -fPIE -g -gz=zlib -std=gnu99
-Wno-format-zero-length -fstack-protector-strong -Wsystem-headers -Werror
-Wall -Wno-format-y2k -W -Wno-unused-parameter -Wstrict-prototypes
-Wmissing-prototypes -Wpointer-arith -Wno-uninitialized -Wno-pointer-sign
-Wno-empty-body -Wno-string-plus-int -Wno-unused-const-variable
-Wno-error=unused-but-set-variable -Wno-tautological-compare
-Wno-unused-value -Wno-parentheses-equality -Wno-unused-function
-Wno-enum-conversion -Wno-unused-local-typedef
-Wno-address-of-packed-member -Qunused-arguments  -Wl,-zrelro -pie   -o
sqlite3.full sqlite3.o  -L/usr/obj/usr/src/arm64.aarch64/lib/libthr
-lpthread
ld: error: undefined symbol: main
>>> referenced by crt1_c.c:72 (/usr/src/lib/csu/aarch64/crt1_c.c:72)
>>>               /usr/lib/Scrt1.o:(__start)
cc: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
*** Error code 1

Stop.
make: stopped in /usr/src/usr.bin/sqlite3

Not sure if I missed something or if something goes wrong with my Makefile
content construction. I basically followed here
https://www.sqlite.org/howtocompile.html and then proved the source to
compile successfully.

root@generic:/usr/src/contrib/sqlite3 # pwd
/usr/src/contrib/sqlite3
root@generic:/usr/src/contrib/sqlite3 # ls -lah
total 11364
drwxr-xr-x   3 root  wheel   1.0K Oct 27 08:06 .
drwxr-xr-x  89 root  wheel   2.0K Nov 26 13:01 ..
-rw-r--r--   1 root  wheel    15K Oct 27 08:06 INSTALL
-rw-r--r--   1 root  wheel   729B Oct 27 08:06 Makefile.am
-rw-r--r--   1 root  wheel   547B Oct 27 08:06 Makefile.fallback
-rw-r--r--   1 root  wheel    37K Oct 27 08:06 Makefile.in
-rw-r--r--   1 root  wheel    28K Oct 27 08:06 Makefile.msc
-rw-r--r--   1 root  wheel   3.5K Oct 27 08:06 README.txt
-rw-r--r--   1 root  wheel   7.1K Oct 27 08:06 Replace.cs
-rw-r--r--   1 root  wheel   365K Oct 27 08:06 aclocal.m4
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root  wheel   7.2K Oct 27 08:06 compile
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root  wheel    48K Oct 27 08:06 config.guess
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root  wheel    35K Oct 27 08:06 config.sub
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root  wheel   485K Oct 27 08:06 configure
-rw-r--r--   1 root  wheel   8.5K Oct 27 08:06 configure.ac
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root  wheel    23K Oct 27 08:06 depcomp
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root  wheel    15K Oct 27 08:06 install-sh
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root  wheel   320K Oct 27 08:06 ltmain.sh
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root  wheel   6.7K Oct 27 08:06 missing
-rw-r--r--   1 root  wheel   717K Oct 27 08:06 shell.c
-rw-r--r--   1 root  wheel   8.7K Oct 27 08:06 sqlite3.1
-rw-r--r--   1 root  wheel   8.2M Oct 27 08:06 sqlite3.c
-rw-r--r--   1 root  wheel   599K Oct 27 08:06 sqlite3.h
-rw-r--r--   1 root  wheel   267B Oct 27 08:06 sqlite3.pc.in
-rw-r--r--   1 root  wheel   1.9K Oct 27 08:06 sqlite3.rc
-rw-r--r--   1 root  wheel    36K Oct 27 08:06 sqlite3ext.h
-rw-r--r--   1 root  wheel    78B Oct 27 08:06 sqlite3rc.h
drwxr-xr-x   6 root  wheel   512B Oct 27 08:06 tea

root@generic:/usr/src/contrib/sqlite3 # cc -DSQLITE_THREADSAFE=0
-DSQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION shell.c sqlite3.c -o sqlite3

So, the above compilation builds the source successfully.

This time I've manually invoked the first compilation command and it works
just fine as seen below.

root@generic:/usr/src/contrib/sqlite3 # cc  -O2 -pipe -fno-common
-I/usr/src/contrib/sqlite3  -DSQLITE_THREADSAFE=0
 -DSQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION -fPIE -g -gz=zlib -MD  -MF.depend.sqlite3.o
-MTsqlite3.o -std=gnu99 -Wno-format-zero-length -fstack-protector-strong
-Wsystem-headers -Werror -Wall -Wno-format-y2k -W -Wno-unused-parameter
-Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes -Wpointer-arith -Wno-uninitialized
-Wno-pointer-sign -Wno-empty-body -Wno-string-plus-int
-Wno-unused-const-variable -Wno-error=unused-but-set-variable
-Wno-tautological-compare -Wno-unused-value -Wno-parentheses-equality
-Wno-unused-function -Wno-enum-conversion -Wno-unused-local-typedef
-Wno-address-of-packed-member  -Qunused-arguments -c
/usr/src/contrib/sqlite3/sqlite3.c -o sqlite3.o

While the second compilation command below breaks having the same
manifested error.

cc -O2 -pipe -fno-common -I/usr/src/contrib/sqlite3 -DSQLITE_THREADSAFE=1
-DSQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION -fPIE -g -gz=zlib -std=gnu99
-Wno-format-zero-length -fstack-protector-strong -Wsystem-headers -Werror
-Wall -Wno-format-y2k -W -Wno-unused-parameter -Wstrict-prototypes
-Wmissing-prototypes -Wpointer-arith -Wno-uninitialized -Wno-pointer-sign
-Wno-empty-body -Wno-string-plus-int -Wno-unused-const-variable
-Wno-error=unused-but-set-variable -Wno-tautological-compare
-Wno-unused-value -Wno-parentheses-equality -Wno-unused-function
-Wno-enum-conversion -Wno-unused-local-typedef
-Wno-address-of-packed-member -Qunused-arguments  -Wl,-zrelro -pie   -o
sqlite3.full sqlite3.o  -L/usr/obj/usr/src/arm64.aarch64/lib/libthr
-lpthread
ld: error: undefined symbol: main
>>> referenced by crt1_c.c:72 (/usr/src/lib/csu/aarch64/crt1_c.c:72)
>>>               /usr/lib/Scrt1.o:(__start)
cc: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
*** Error code 1

Stop.
make: stopped in /usr/src/usr.bin/sqlite3

Any idea of this problem? I posted this at freebsd-database ML however, I'm
thinking that the problem might not be related to SQLite3 perspective as I
have compiled the source without any problem at all so, I share it here.

Thanks and best regards,
Archimedes