[Bug 270459] SATA Port Multiplier failure

https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=270459

            Bug ID: 270459
           Summary: SATA Port Multiplier failure
           Product: Base System
           Version: CURRENT
          Hardware: amd64
                OS: Any
            Status: New
          Severity: Affects Some People
          Priority: ---
         Component: kern
          Assignee: bugs@FreeBSD.org
          Reporter: alexr@leftfield.org

I have a StarTech SATA->dual M.2 SATA adapter
https://www.startech.com/en-us/hdd/25s22m2ngffr that has worked well for many
releases, but is now failing in 14-CURRENT.

I originally encountered the problem upgrading to pfSense 23.01 on a Lanner
FW-7575 white-box. I have since obtained another adapter and encountered
similar problems on a totally different box (ASUS ROG Z690 Formula) using a
plain 14-CURRENT build (20230323 -b5d43972e394).

Failing dmesg from pfSense 23.01:

pmp0 at ahcich4 bus 0 scbus0 target 15 lun 0
pmp0: <Port Multiplier 10921b21 0008> ATA device
pmp0: 300.000MB/s transfers (SATA 2.x, NONE, PIO 8192bytes)
pmp0: 2 fan-out ports
(aprobe0:ahcich4:0:0:0): SET_MULTI. ACB: c6 00 00 00 00 40 00 00 00 00 01 00
(aprobe0:ahcich4:0:0:0): CAM status: ATA Status Error
(aprobe0:ahcich4:0:0:0): ATA status: 51 (DRDY SERV ERR), error: 04 (ABRT )
(aprobe0:ahcich4:0:0:0): RES: 51 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
(aprobe0:ahcich4:0:0:0): Retrying command, 0 more tries remain
(aprobe0:ahcich4:0:0:0): SET_MULTI. ACB: c6 00 00 00 00 40 00 00 00 00 01 00
(aprobe0:ahcich4:0:0:0): CAM status: ATA Status Error
(aprobe0:ahcich4:0:0:0): ATA status: 51 (DRDY SERV ERR), error: 04 (ABRT )
(aprobe0:ahcich4:0:0:0): RES: 51 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
(aprobe0:ahcich4:0:0:0): Error 5, Retries exhausted

The Z690 board gets a different SET_MULTI error and then spins at "Root mount
waiting for: CAM" indefinitely, so the above log is from the firewall hardware
since it completes booting without mounting ada1. I couldn't obtain the exact
same M.2 SATA drives again, so the different SET_MULTI error may be due to the
different drives.

In pfSense 22.05 (the last working build not based on 14-CURRENT), the relevant
dmesg:

pmp0 at ahcich4 bus 0 scbus0 target 15 lun 0
pmp0: <Port Multiplier 10921b21 0008> ATA device
pmp0: 300.000MB/s transfers (SATA 2.x, NONE, PIO 8192bytes)
pmp0: 2 fan-out ports
...
ses0 at ahciem0 bus 0 scbus1 target 0 lun 0
ses0: <AHCI SGPIO Enclosure 2.00 0001> SEMB S-E-S 2.00 device
ses0: SEMB SES Device
ada0 at ahcich4 bus 0 scbus0 target 0 lun 0
ada0: <WDC WDS500G1R0B-68A4Z0 411000WR> ACS-4 ATA SATA 3.x device
ada0: Serial Number 21456H800061
ada0: 600.000MB/s transfers (SATA 3.x, UDMA6, PIO 512bytes)
ada0: Command Queueing enabled
ada0: 476940MB (976773168 512 byte sectors)
ada1 at ahcich4 bus 0 scbus0 target 1 lun 0
ada1: <WDC WDS500G1R0B-68A4Z0 411000WR> ACS-4 ATA SATA 3.x device
ada1: Serial Number 21456H800025
ada1: 600.000MB/s transfers (SATA 3.x, UDMA6, PIO 512bytes)
ada1: Command Queueing enabled
ada1: 476940MB (976773168 512 byte sectors)

Note that ada1 is found and that ada0 and ada1 are reported as SATA 3.x
600.00MB/s and not SATA 2.x 300.00MB/s as 14-CURRENT is reporting.

Happy to help debug on the Z690 since taking the firewall out of operation is
family-incompatible.

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