git: b50decfb86 - main - Update virtualization chapter
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Date: Sun, 21 Nov 2021 11:36:48 UTC
The branch main has been updated by carlavilla:
URL: https://cgit.FreeBSD.org/doc/commit/?id=b50decfb86295ab97227274eae771275af801951
commit b50decfb86295ab97227274eae771275af801951
Author: Minsoo Choo <fel1x.mintchoco.development_gmail.com>
AuthorDate: 2021-11-21 11:27:53 +0000
Commit: Sergio Carlavilla Delgado <carlavilla@FreeBSD.org>
CommitDate: 2021-11-21 11:27:53 +0000
Update virtualization chapter
* Delete Virtual PC. Windows 7 reached EoL in January 14, 2020. And
Microsoft removed Virtual PC to download from their webpage.
* Update VMware Fusion section.
Reviewed by: @ygy, @carlavilla
Approved by: @carlavilla
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D30145
---
documentation/.hugo_build.lock | 0
.../en/books/handbook/virtualization/_index.adoc | 184 +++++++--------------
.../handbook/virtualization/vmware-freebsd01.png | Bin 47523 -> 429432 bytes
.../handbook/virtualization/vmware-freebsd02.png | Bin 106943 -> 385588 bytes
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.../handbook/virtualization/vmware-freebsd12.png | Bin 96489 -> 312370 bytes
.../handbook/virtualization/vmware-freebsd13.png | Bin 0 -> 400805 bytes
15 files changed, 56 insertions(+), 128 deletions(-)
diff --git a/documentation/.hugo_build.lock b/documentation/.hugo_build.lock
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e69de29bb2
diff --git a/documentation/content/en/books/handbook/virtualization/_index.adoc b/documentation/content/en/books/handbook/virtualization/_index.adoc
index 683b917b02..dd8c97b7ba 100644
--- a/documentation/content/en/books/handbook/virtualization/_index.adoc
+++ b/documentation/content/en/books/handbook/virtualization/_index.adoc
@@ -54,9 +54,11 @@ Such software systems for PCs often involve a host operating system which runs t
After reading this chapter, you will know:
* The difference between a host operating system and a guest operating system.
-* How to install FreeBSD on an Intel(R)-based Apple(R) Mac(R) computer.
-* How to install FreeBSD on Microsoft(R) Windows(R) with Virtual PC.
-* How to install FreeBSD as a guest in bhyve.
+* How to install FreeBSD on the following virtualization platforms:
+** Parallels Desktop(Intel(R)-based Apple(R) macOS(R))
+** VMware Fusion(Intel(R)-based Apple(R) macOS(R))
+** VirtualBox(TM)(Microsoft(R) Windows(R), Intel(R)-based Apple(R) macOS(R), Linux)
+** bhyve(FreeBSD)
* How to tune a FreeBSD system for best performance under virtualization.
Before reading this chapter, you should:
@@ -66,15 +68,15 @@ Before reading this chapter, you should:
* Know how to crossref:advanced-networking[advanced-networking,set up a network connection].
* Know how to crossref:ports[ports,install additional third-party software].
-[[virtualization-guest-parallels]]
-== FreeBSD as a Guest on Parallels for Mac OS(R) X
+[[virtualization-guest-parallelsdesktop]]
+== FreeBSD as a Guest on Parallels Desktop for macOS(R)
-Parallels Desktop for Mac(R) is a commercial software product available for Intel(R) based Apple(R) Mac(R) computers running Mac OS(R) 10.4.6 or higher.
+Parallels Desktop for Mac(R) is a commercial software product available for Intel(R) based Apple(R) Mac(R) computers running macOS(R) 10.4.6 or higher.
FreeBSD is a fully supported guest operating system.
-Once Parallels has been installed on Mac OS(R) X, the user must configure a virtual machine and then install the desired guest operating system.
+Once Parallels has been installed on macOS(R), the user must configure a virtual machine and then install the desired guest operating system.
-[[virtualization-guest-parallels-install]]
-=== Installing FreeBSD on Parallels/Mac OS(R) X
+[[virtualization-guest-parallelsdesktop-install]]
+=== Installing FreeBSD on Parallels Desktop on Mac(R)
The first step in installing FreeBSD on Parallels is to create a new virtual machine for installing FreeBSD.
Select [.guimenuitem]#FreeBSD# as the menu:Guest OS Type[] when prompted:
@@ -129,7 +131,7 @@ image::parallels-freebsd13.png[]
[[virtualization-guest-parallels-configure]]
=== Configuring FreeBSD on Parallels
-After FreeBSD has been successfully installed on Mac OS(R) X with Parallels, there are a number of configuration steps that can be taken to optimize the system for virtualized operation.
+After FreeBSD has been successfully installed on macOS(R) X with Parallels, there are a number of configuration steps that can be taken to optimize the system for virtualized operation.
[.procedure]
. Set Boot Loader Variables
@@ -154,171 +156,88 @@ The most basic networking setup uses DHCP to connect the virtual machine to the
This can be accomplished by adding `ifconfig_ed0="DHCP"` to [.filename]#/etc/rc.conf#.
More advanced networking setups are described in crossref:advanced-networking[advanced-networking,Advanced Networking].
-[[virtualization-guest-virtualpc]]
-== FreeBSD as a Guest on Virtual PC for Windows(R)
-
-Virtual PC for Windows(R) is a Microsoft(R) software product available for free download.
-See this website for the http://www.microsoft.com/windows/downloads/virtualpc/sysreq.mspx[system requirements].
-Once Virtual PC has been installed on Microsoft(R) Windows(R), the user can configure a virtual machine and then install the desired guest operating system.
-
-[[virtualization-guest-virtualpc-install]]
-=== Installing FreeBSD on Virtual PC
-
-The first step in installing FreeBSD on Virtual PC is to create a new virtual machine for installing FreeBSD.
-Select [.guimenuitem]#Create a virtual machine# when prompted:
-
-image::virtualpc-freebsd1.png[]
-
-image::virtualpc-freebsd2.png[]
-
-Select [.guimenuitem]#Other# as the [.guimenuitem]#Operating system# when prompted:
-
-image::virtualpc-freebsd3.png[]
-
-Then, choose a reasonable amount of disk and memory depending on the plans for this virtual FreeBSD instance.
-4GB of disk space and 512MB of RAM work well for most uses of FreeBSD under Virtual PC:
-
-image::virtualpc-freebsd4.png[]
-
-image::virtualpc-freebsd5.png[]
-
-Save and finish the configuration:
-
-image::virtualpc-freebsd6.png[]
-
-Select the FreeBSD virtual machine and click menu:Settings[], then set the type of networking and a network interface:
-
-image::virtualpc-freebsd7.png[]
-
-image::virtualpc-freebsd8.png[]
-
-After the FreeBSD virtual machine has been created, FreeBSD can be installed on it.
-This is best done with an official FreeBSD CD/DVD or with an ISO image downloaded from an official FTP site.
-Copy the appropriate ISO image to the local Windows(R) filesystem or insert a CD/DVD in the CD drive, then double click on the FreeBSD virtual machine to boot.
-Then, click menu:CD[] and choose menu:Capture ISO Image...[] on the Virtual PC window.
-This will bring up a window where the CD-ROM drive in the virtual machine can be associated with an ISO file on disk or with the real CD-ROM drive.
-
-image::virtualpc-freebsd9.png[]
-
-image::virtualpc-freebsd10.png[]
-
-Once this association with the CD-ROM source has been made, reboot the FreeBSD virtual machine by clicking menu:Action[] and menu:Reset[].
-Virtual PC will reboot with a special BIOS that first checks for a CD-ROM.
-
-image::virtualpc-freebsd11.png[]
-
-In this case it will find the FreeBSD installation media and begin a normal FreeBSD installation.
-Continue with the installation, but do not attempt to configure Xorg at this time.
-
-image::virtualpc-freebsd12.png[]
-
-When the installation is finished, remember to eject the CD/DVD or release the ISO image.
-Finally, reboot into the newly installed FreeBSD virtual machine.
-
-image::virtualpc-freebsd13.png[]
-
-[[virtualization-guest-virtualpc-configure]]
-=== Configuring FreeBSD on Virtual PC
-
-After FreeBSD has been successfully installed on Microsoft(R) Windows(R) with Virtual PC, there are a number of configuration steps that can be taken to optimize the system for virtualized operation.
-
-[.procedure]
-. Set Boot Loader Variables
-+
-The most important step is to reduce the `kern.hz` tunable to reduce the CPU utilization of FreeBSD under the Virtual PC environment.
-This is accomplished by adding the following line to [.filename]#/boot/loader.conf#:
-+
-[.programlisting]
-....
-kern.hz=100
-....
-+
-Without this setting, an idle FreeBSD Virtual PC guest OS will use roughly 40% of the CPU of a single processor computer.
-After this change, the usage will be closer to 3%.
-. Create a New Kernel Configuration File
-+
-All of the SCSI, FireWire, and USB device drivers can be removed from a custom kernel configuration file.
-Virtual PC provides a virtual network adapter used by the man:de[4] driver, so all network devices except for man:de[4] and man:miibus[4] can be removed from the kernel.
-. Configure Networking
-+
-The most basic networking setup uses DHCP to connect the virtual machine to the same local area network as the Microsoft(R) Windows(R) host.
-This can be accomplished by adding `ifconfig_de0="DHCP"` to [.filename]#/etc/rc.conf#.
-More advanced networking setups are described in crossref:advanced-networking[advanced-networking,Advanced Networking].
-
[[virtualization-guest-vmware]]
-== FreeBSD as a Guest on VMware Fusion for Mac OS(R)
+== FreeBSD as a Guest on VMware Fusion for macOS(R)
-VMware Fusion for Mac(R) is a commercial software product available for Intel(R) based Apple(R) Mac(R) computers running Mac OS(R) 10.4.9 or higher.
+VMware Fusion for Mac(R) is a commercial software product available for Intel(R) based Apple(R) Mac(R) computers running macOS(R) 10.11 or higher.
FreeBSD is a fully supported guest operating system.
-Once VMware Fusion has been installed on Mac OS(R) X, the user can configure a virtual machine and then install the desired guest operating system.
+Once VMware Fusion has been installed on macOS(R), the user can configure a virtual machine and then install the desired guest operating system.
[[virtualization-guest-vmware-install]]
=== Installing FreeBSD on VMware Fusion
The first step is to start VMware Fusion which will load the Virtual Machine Library.
-Click [.guimenuitem]#New# to create the virtual machine:
+Click [.guimenuitem]#+->New# to create the virtual machine:
-image::vmware-freebsd01.png[]
+image::vmware-freebsd01.png[width=35%]
This will load the New Virtual Machine Assistant.
-Click [.guimenuitem]#Continue# to proceed:
+Choose [.guimenuitem]#Create a custom virtual machine# and click [.guimenuitem]#Continue# to proceed:
+
+image::vmware-freebsd02.png[width=45%]
+
+Select [.guimenuitem]#Other# as the [.guimenuitem]#Operating System# and either [.guimenuitem]#FreeBSD X# or [.guimenuitem]#FreeBSD X 64-bit#, as the menu:Version[] when prompted:
+
+image::vmware-freebsd03.png[width=45%]
-image::vmware-freebsd02.png[]
+Choose the firmware(UEFI is recommended):
-Select [.guimenuitem]#Other# as the [.guimenuitem]#Operating System# and either [.guimenuitem]#FreeBSD# or [.guimenuitem]#FreeBSD 64-bit#, as the menu:Version[] when prompted:
+image::vmware-freebsd04.png[width=45%]
-image::vmware-freebsd03.png[]
+Choose [.guimenuitem]#Create a new virtual disk# and click [.guimenuitem]#Continue#:
+
+image::vmware-freebsd05.png[width=45%]
+
+Check the configuration and click [.guimenuitem]#Finish#:
+
+image::vmware-freebsd06.png[width=45%]
Choose the name of the virtual machine and the directory where it should be saved:
-image::vmware-freebsd04.png[]
+image::vmware-freebsd07.png[width=45%]
-Choose the size of the Virtual Hard Disk for the virtual machine:
+Press command+E to open virtual machine settings and click [.guimenuitem]#CD/DVD#:
-image::vmware-freebsd05.png[]
+image::vmware-freebsd08.png[width=45%]
-Choose the method to install the virtual machine, either from an ISO image or from a CD/DVD:
+Choose FreeBSD ISO image or from a CD/DVD:
-image::vmware-freebsd06.png[]
+image::vmware-freebsd09.png[width=45%]
-Click [.guimenuitem]#Finish# and the virtual machine will boot:
+Start the virtual machine:
-image::vmware-freebsd07.png[]
+image::vmware-freebsd10.png[width=25%]
Install FreeBSD as usual:
-image::vmware-freebsd08.png[]
+image::vmware-freebsd11.png[width=25%]
-Once the install is complete, the settings of the virtual machine can be modified, such as memory usage:
+Once the install is complete, the settings of the virtual machine can be modified, such as memory usage and the number of CPUs the virtual machine will have access to:
[NOTE]
====
The System Hardware settings of the virtual machine cannot be modified while the virtual machine is running.
====
-image::vmware-freebsd09.png[]
-
-The number of CPUs the virtual machine will have access to:
-
-image::vmware-freebsd10.png[]
+image::vmware-freebsd12.png[width=45%]
The status of the CD-ROM device.
Normally the CD/DVD/ISO is disconnected from the virtual machine when it is no longer needed.
-image::vmware-freebsd11.png[]
+image::vmware-freebsd09.png[width=45%]
The last thing to change is how the virtual machine will connect to the network.
To allow connections to the virtual machine from other machines besides the host, choose [.guimenuitem]#Connect directly to the physical network (Bridged)#.
Otherwise, [.guimenuitem]#Share the host's internet connection (NAT)# is preferred so that the virtual machine can have access to the Internet, but the network cannot access the virtual machine.
-image::vmware-freebsd12.png[]
+image::vmware-freebsd13.png[width=45%]
After modifying the settings, boot the newly installed FreeBSD virtual machine.
[[virtualization-guest-vmware-configure]]
=== Configuring FreeBSD on VMware Fusion
-After FreeBSD has been successfully installed on Mac OS(R) X with VMware Fusion, there are a number of configuration steps that can be taken to optimize the system for virtualized operation.
+After FreeBSD has been successfully installed on macOS(R) X with VMware Fusion, there are a number of configuration steps that can be taken to optimize the system for virtualized operation.
[.procedure]
. Set Boot Loader Variables
@@ -342,6 +261,15 @@ VMware Fusion provides a virtual network adapter used by the man:em[4] driver, s
The most basic networking setup uses DHCP to connect the virtual machine to the same local area network as the host Mac(R).
This can be accomplished by adding `ifconfig_em0="DHCP"` to [.filename]#/etc/rc.conf#.
More advanced networking setups are described in crossref:advanced-networking[advanced-networking,Advanced Networking].
++
+. Install drivers and open-vm-tools
++
+To run FreeBSD smoothly on VMWare, drivers should be installed:
++
+[source,shell]
+....
+# pkg install xf86-video-vmware xf86-input-vmmouse open-vm-tools
+....
[[virtualization-guest-virtualbox]]
== FreeBSD as a Guest on VirtualBox(TM)
@@ -466,7 +394,7 @@ Mount the shared folder from within the guest system like this:
[[virtualization-host-virtualbox]]
== FreeBSD as a Host with VirtualBox(TM)
-VirtualBox(TM) is an actively developed, complete virtualization package, that is available for most operating systems including Windows(R), Mac OS(R), Linux(R) and FreeBSD.
+VirtualBox(TM) is an actively developed, complete virtualization package, that is available for most operating systems including Windows(R), macOS(R), Linux(R) and FreeBSD.
It is equally capable of running Windows(R) or UNIX(R)-like guests.
It is released as open source software, but with closed-source components available in a separate extension pack.
These components include support for USB 2.0 devices.
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