svn commit: r42993 - head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ppp-and-slip
Dru Lavigne
dru at FreeBSD.org
Thu Oct 17 22:33:33 UTC 2013
Author: dru
Date: Thu Oct 17 22:33:32 2013
New Revision: 42993
URL: http://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/42993
Log:
White space fix only. Translators can ignore.
Modified:
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ppp-and-slip/chapter.xml
Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ppp-and-slip/chapter.xml
==============================================================================
--- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ppp-and-slip/chapter.xml Thu Oct 17 21:56:10 2013 (r42992)
+++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ppp-and-slip/chapter.xml Thu Oct 17 22:33:32 2013 (r42993)
@@ -27,11 +27,11 @@
<primary><acronym>PPP</acronym></primary>
</indexterm>
- <para>&os; has a number of ways to link one computer to
- another. To establish a network or Internet connection through
- a dial-up modem, or to allow others to do so through you,
- requires the use of <acronym>PPP</acronym>. This chapter describes setting
- up these modem-based communication services in detail.</para>
+ <para>&os; has a number of ways to link one computer to another.
+ To establish a network or Internet connection through a dial-up
+ modem, or to allow others to do so through you, requires the use
+ of <acronym>PPP</acronym>. This chapter describes setting u
+ p these modem-based communication services in detail.</para>
<para>After reading this chapter, you will know:</para>
@@ -40,10 +40,12 @@
<para>How to set configure <acronym>PPP</acronym>.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>How to set up <acronym>PPP</acronym> over Ethernet (<acronym>PPPoE</acronym>).</para>
+ <para>How to set up <acronym>PPP</acronym> over Ethernet
+ (<acronym>PPPoE</acronym>).</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <para>How to set up <acronym>PPP</acronym> over ATM (<acronym>PPPoA</acronym>).</para>
+ <para>How to set up <acronym>PPP</acronym> over ATM
+ (<acronym>PPPoA</acronym>).</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
@@ -105,120 +107,119 @@
<title>Configuring <acronym>PPP</acronym></title>
- <para>This document assumes you have the following:</para>
+ <para>This document assumes you have the following:</para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>An account with an Internet Service Provider (<acronym>ISP</acronym>)
- which you connect to using <acronym>PPP</acronym>.</para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>A modem or
- other device connected to your system and properly
- configured to allow you to connect to your ISP.</para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>The dial-up number(s) of your ISP.</para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>The login name and password assigned by the ISP.</para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>The IP address of one or more name servers.
- Normally, you will be given two IP addresses by your
- ISP to use for this. If they have not given you at
- least one, then you can use the <command>enable
- dns</command> command in <filename>ppp.conf</filename>
- and <application>ppp</application> will set the name
- servers for you. This feature depends on your ISP's
- <acronym>PPP</acronym> implementation supporting DNS negotiation.</para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
-
- <para>The following information may be supplied by your ISP,
- but is not completely necessary:</para>
-
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>The IP address of your ISP's gateway. The gateway
- is the machine to which you will connect and will be
- set up as your <emphasis>default route</emphasis>. If
- you do not have this information, we can make one up
- and your ISP's PPP server will tell us the correct value
- when we connect.</para>
-
- <para>This IP number is referred to as
- <literal>HISADDR</literal> by
- <application>ppp</application>.</para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>The netmask you should use. If your ISP has not
- provided you with one, you can safely use <hostid
- role="netmask">255.255.255.255</hostid>.</para>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <indexterm id="ppp-static-ip">
- <primary>static IP address</primary>
- </indexterm>
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>An account with an Internet Service Provider
+ (<acronym>ISP</acronym>) which you connect to using
+ <acronym>PPP</acronym>.</para>
+ </listitem>
- <para>If your ISP provides you with a static IP address
- and hostname, you can enter it. Otherwise, we simply
- let the peer assign whatever IP address it sees
- fit.</para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>A modem or other device connected to your system and
+ properly configured to allow you to connect to your
+ ISP.</para>
+ </listitem>
- <para>If you do not have any of the required information,
- contact your ISP.</para>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The dial-up number(s) of your ISP.</para>
+ </listitem>
- <note>
- <para>Throughout this section, many of the examples showing
- the contents of configuration files are numbered by line.
- These numbers serve to aid in the presentation and
- discussion only and are not meant to be placed in the
- actual file. Proper indentation with tab and space
- characters is also important.</para>
- </note>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The login name and password assigned by the ISP.</para>
+ </listitem>
- <para><command>ppp</command> uses the configuration files
- located in <filename class="directory">/etc/ppp</filename>.
- Examples can be found in <filename
- class="directory">/usr/share/examples/ppp/</filename>.</para>
-
- <para>Configuring <command>ppp</command> requires that you
- edit a number of files, depending on your requirements.
- What you put in them depends to some extent on whether your
- ISP allocates IP addresses statically (i.e., you get given
- one IP address, and always use that one) or dynamically
- (i.e., your IP address changes each time you connect to
- your ISP).</para>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The IP address of one or more name servers.
+ Normally, you will be given two IP addresses by your
+ ISP to use for this. If they have not given you at
+ least one, then you can use the <command>enable
+ dns</command> command in <filename>ppp.conf</filename>
+ and <application>ppp</application> will set the name
+ servers for you. This feature depends on your ISP's
+ <acronym>PPP</acronym> implementation supporting DNS
+ negotiation.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
- <sect2 id="userppp-staticIP">
- <title>PPP With Static IP Addresses</title>
+ <para>The following information may be supplied by your ISP, but
+ is not completely necessary:</para>
- <indexterm>
- <primary>PPP</primary>
- <secondary>with static IP addresses</secondary>
- </indexterm>
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The IP address of your ISP's gateway. The gateway is
+ the machine to which you will connect and will be set up as
+ your <emphasis>default route</emphasis>. If you do not have
+ this information, we can make one up and your ISP's PPP
+ server will tell us the correct value when we
+ connect.</para>
+
+ <para>This IP number is referred to as
+ <literal>HISADDR</literal> by
+ <application>ppp</application>.</para>
+ </listitem>
- <para>You will need to edit the
- <filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.conf</filename> configuration file.
- It should look similar to the example below.</para>
-
- <note>
- <para>Lines that end in a <literal>:</literal> start in
- the first column (beginning of the line)— all
- other lines should be indented as shown using spaces
- or tabs.</para>
- </note>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The netmask you should use. If your ISP has not
+ provided you with one, you can safely use <hostid
+ role="netmask">255.255.255.255</hostid>.</para>
+ </listitem>
- <programlisting>1 default:
+ <listitem>
+ <indexterm id="ppp-static-ip">
+ <primary>static IP address</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+
+ <para>If your ISP provides you with a static IP address and
+ hostname, you can enter it. Otherwise, we simply let the
+ peer assign whatever IP address it sees fit.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <para>If you do not have any of the required information, contact
+ your ISP.</para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>Throughout this section, many of the examples showing the
+ contents of configuration files are numbered by line. These
+ numbers serve to aid in the presentation and discussion only
+ and are not meant to be placed in the actual file. Proper
+ indentation with tab and space characters is also
+ important.</para>
+ </note>
+
+ <para><command>ppp</command> uses the configuration files located
+ in <filename class="directory">/etc/ppp</filename>. Examples
+ can be found in <filename
+ class="directory">/usr/share/examples/ppp/</filename>.</para>
+
+ <para>Configuring <command>ppp</command> requires that you edit a
+ number of files, depending on your requirements. What you put
+ in them depends to some extent on whether your ISP allocates IP
+ addresses statically (i.e., you get given one IP address, and
+ always use that one) or dynamically (i.e., your IP address
+ changes each time you connect to your ISP).</para>
+
+ <sect2 id="userppp-staticIP">
+ <title>PPP With Static IP Addresses</title>
+
+ <indexterm>
+ <primary>PPP</primary>
+ <secondary>with static IP addresses</secondary>
+ </indexterm>
+
+ <para>You will need to edit the
+ <filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.conf</filename> configuration file.
+ It should look similar to the example below.</para>
+
+ <note>
+ <para>Lines that end in a <literal>:</literal> start in the
+ first column (beginning of the line)— all other lines
+ should be indented as shown using spaces or tabs.</para>
+ </note>
+
+ <programlisting>1 default:
2 set log Phase Chat LCP IPCP CCP tun command
3 ident user-ppp VERSION (built COMPILATIONDATE)
4 set device /dev/cuau0
@@ -399,11 +400,13 @@
<term>Line 15:</term>
<listitem>
- <para>If you are using PAP<indexterm><primary>PAP</primary></indexterm> or CHAP<indexterm><primary>CHAP</primary></indexterm>, there will be no
- login at this point, and this line should be
- commented out or removed. See <xref
- linkend="userppp-PAPnCHAP"/>
- for further details.</para>
+ <para>If you are using
+ PAP<indexterm><primary>PAP</primary></indexterm> or
+ CHAP<indexterm><primary>CHAP</primary></indexterm>,
+ there will be no login at this point, and this line
+ should be commented out or removed. See <xref
+ linkend="userppp-PAPnCHAP"/> for further
+ details.</para>
<para>The login string is of the same chat-like
syntax as the dial string. In this example, the
@@ -427,12 +430,13 @@ protocol: ppp</screen>
<term>Line 16:</term>
<listitem>
- <para>Sets the default idle timeout<indexterm><primary>timeout</primary></indexterm> (in seconds) for
- the connection. Here, the connection will be closed
- automatically after 300 seconds of inactivity. If
- you never want to timeout, set this value to zero
- or use the <option>-ddial</option> command line
- switch.</para>
+ <para>Sets the default idle
+ timeout<indexterm><primary>timeout</primary></indexterm>
+ (in seconds) for the connection. Here, the
+ connection will be closed automatically after 300
+ seconds of inactivity. If you never want to
+ timeout, set this value to zero or use the
+ <option>-ddial</option> command line switch.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
@@ -441,20 +445,21 @@ protocol: ppp</screen>
<listitem>
<para>Sets the interface addresses. The string
<replaceable>x.x.x.x</replaceable> should be
- replaced by the IP address that your provider<indexterm><primary>ISP</primary></indexterm> has
- allocated to you. The string
+ replaced by the IP address that your
+ provider<indexterm><primary>ISP</primary></indexterm>
+ has allocated to you. The string
<replaceable>y.y.y.y</replaceable> should be
replaced by the IP address that your ISP indicated
for their gateway (the machine to which you
connect). If your ISP has not given you a gateway
address, use <hostid
- role="netmask">10.0.0.2/0</hostid>. If you need to
- use a <quote>guessed</quote> address, make sure that
- you create an entry in
+ role="netmask">10.0.0.2/0</hostid>. If you need
+ to use a <quote>guessed</quote> address, make sure
+ that you create an entry in
<filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.linkup</filename> as per the
instructions in <xref
- linkend="userppp-dynamicIP"/>. If this line is omitted,
- <command>ppp</command> cannot run in
+ linkend="userppp-dynamicIP"/>. If this line is
+ omitted, <command>ppp</command> cannot run in
<option>-auto</option> mode.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
@@ -492,7 +497,8 @@ protocol: ppp</screen>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="userppp-dynamicIP">
- <title><acronym>PPP</acronym> With Dynamic IP Addresses</title>
+ <title><acronym>PPP</acronym> With Dynamic IP
+ Addresses</title>
<indexterm>
<primary><acronym>PPP</acronym></primary>
@@ -509,8 +515,10 @@ protocol: ppp</screen>
<quote>guessing</quote> an IP address and allowing
<command>ppp</command> to set it up correctly using the IP
Configuration Protocol (IPCP) after connecting. The
- <filename>ppp.conf</filename> configuration is the same as that described in
- <xref linkend="userppp-staticIP"/>, with the following change:</para>
+ <filename>ppp.conf</filename> configuration is the same as
+ that described in <xref
+ linkend="userppp-staticIP"/>, with the following
+ change:</para>
<programlisting>17 set ifaddr 10.0.0.1/0 10.0.0.2/0 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.0</programlisting>
@@ -634,12 +642,11 @@ protocol: ppp</screen>
<para>Later versions of <command>mgetty</command> (from
0.99beta onwards) also support the automatic detection of
- <acronym>PPP</acronym> streams, allowing your clients script-less access to
- your server.</para>
+ <acronym>PPP</acronym> streams, allowing your clients
+ script-less access to your server.</para>
- <para>Refer to <xref linkend="userppp-mgetty"/>
- for more information on
- <command>mgetty</command>.</para>
+ <para>Refer to <xref linkend="userppp-mgetty"/> for more
+ information on <command>mgetty</command>.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2>
@@ -666,7 +673,8 @@ protocol: ppp</screen>
</sect2>
<sect2>
- <title><acronym>PPP</acronym> Shells for Dynamic IP Users</title>
+ <title><acronym>PPP</acronym> Shells for Dynamic IP
+ Users</title>
<indexterm>
<primary><acronym>PPP</acronym> shells</primary>
@@ -718,7 +726,8 @@ exec /usr/sbin/ppp -direct $IDENT</progr
</sect2>
<sect2>
- <title><acronym>PPP</acronym> Shells for Static IP Users</title>
+ <title><acronym>PPP</acronym> Shells for Static IP
+ Users</title>
<indexterm>
<primary><acronym>PPP</acronym> shells</primary>
@@ -830,10 +839,11 @@ mary:
role="package">comms/mgetty+sendfax</filename> port
comes with the <literal>AUTO_PPP</literal> option enabled
allowing <command>mgetty</command> to detect the LCP
- phase of <acronym>PPP</acronym> connections and automatically spawn off a
- ppp shell. However, since the default login/password
- sequence does not occur it is necessary to authenticate
- users using either PAP or CHAP.</para>
+ phase of <acronym>PPP</acronym> connections and
+ automatically spawn off a ppp shell. However, since the
+ default login/password sequence does not occur it is
+ necessary to authenticate users using either PAP or
+ CHAP.</para>
<para>This section assumes the user has successfully
compiled, and installed the <filename
@@ -903,15 +913,17 @@ exec /usr/sbin/ppp -direct pap$IDENT</pr
<para>It is possible to configure PPP to supply DNS and
NetBIOS nameserver addresses on demand.</para>
- <para>To enable these extensions with <acronym>PPP</acronym> version 1.x, the
- following lines might be added to the relevant section
- of <filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.conf</filename>.</para>
+ <para>To enable these extensions with
+ <acronym>PPP</acronym> version 1.x, the following lines
+ might be added to the relevant section of
+ <filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.conf</filename>.</para>
<programlisting>enable msext
set ns 203.14.100.1 203.14.100.2
set nbns 203.14.100.5</programlisting>
- <para>And for <acronym>PPP</acronym> version 2 and above:</para>
+ <para>And for <acronym>PPP</acronym> version 2 and
+ above:</para>
<programlisting>accept dns
set dns 203.14.100.1 203.14.100.2
@@ -922,8 +934,8 @@ set nbns 203.14.100.5</programlisting>
host.</para>
<para>In version 2 and above, if the
- <literal>set dns</literal> line is omitted, <acronym>PPP</acronym> will
- use the values found in
+ <literal>set dns</literal> line is omitted,
+ <acronym>PPP</acronym> will use the values found in
<filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename>.</para>
</sect2>
@@ -970,7 +982,8 @@ set nbns 203.14.100.5</programlisting>
<varlistentry>
<term>Line 14:</term>
<listitem>
- <para>This line specifies your PAP/CHAP password<indexterm><primary>password</primary></indexterm>.
+ <para>This line specifies your PAP/CHAP
+ password<indexterm><primary>password</primary></indexterm>.
You will need to insert the correct value for
<replaceable>MyPassword</replaceable>. You may
want to add an additional line, such as:</para>
@@ -1024,8 +1037,8 @@ set nbns 203.14.100.5</programlisting>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="userppp-nat">
- <title>Using <acronym>PPP</acronym> Network Address Translation
- Capability</title>
+ <title>Using <acronym>PPP</acronym> Network Address
+ Translation Capability</title>
<indexterm>
<primary><acronym>PPP</acronym></primary><secondary>NAT</secondary>
@@ -1156,9 +1169,9 @@ ifconfig_tun0=</programlisting>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>ppp</userinput></screen>
<para>and then <command>dial provider</command> to start the
- <acronym>PPP</acronym> session, or, if you want <command>ppp</command> to
- establish sessions automatically when there is outbound
- traffic (and you have not created the
+ <acronym>PPP</acronym> session, or, if you want
+ <command>ppp</command> to establish sessions automatically
+ when there is outbound traffic (and you have not created the
<filename>start_if.tun0</filename> script), type:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>ppp -auto provider</userinput></screen>
@@ -1275,9 +1288,10 @@ ifconfig_tun0=</programlisting>
</indexterm>
<para>This section covers a few issues which may arise when
- using <acronym>PPP</acronym> over a modem connection. For instance, perhaps you
- need to know exactly what prompts the system you are dialing
- into will present. Some <acronym>ISP</acronym>s present the
+ using <acronym>PPP</acronym> over a modem connection. For
+ instance, perhaps you need to know exactly what prompts the
+ system you are dialing into will present. Some
+ <acronym>ISP</acronym>s present the
<literal>ssword</literal> prompt, and others will present
<literal>password</literal>; if the <command>ppp</command>
script is not written accordingly, the login attempt will
@@ -1519,8 +1533,8 @@ nameserver <replaceable>y.y.y.y</replace
<programlisting>!ppp
*.* /var/log/ppp.log</programlisting>
- <para>to <filename>/etc/syslog.conf</filename>. In most
- cases, this functionality already exists.</para>
+ <para>to <filename>/etc/syslog.conf</filename>. In most
+ cases, this functionality already exists.</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
@@ -1545,7 +1559,8 @@ nameserver <replaceable>y.y.y.y</replace
<secondary>over Ethernet</secondary>
</indexterm>
- <para>This section describes how to set up <acronym>PPP</acronym> over Ethernet
+ <para>This section describes how to set up
+ <acronym>PPP</acronym> over Ethernet
(<acronym>PPPoE</acronym>).</para>
<para>Here is an example of a working
@@ -1590,14 +1605,14 @@ ppp_profile="name_of_service_provider"</
you cannot locate it there, ask your ISP's tech support
personnel.</para>
- <para>As a last resort, you could try installing
- the <filename role="package">net/rr-pppoe</filename> package or port. Bear in mind
- however, this may de-program your modem and render it useless,
- so think twice before doing it. Simply install the program
- shipped with the modem by your provider. Then, access the
- <guimenu>System</guimenu> menu from the program. The name
- of your profile should be listed there. It is usually
- <emphasis>ISP</emphasis>.</para>
+ <para>As a last resort, you could try installing the <filename
+ role="package">net/rr-pppoe</filename> package or port.
+ Bear in mind however, this may de-program your modem and
+ render it useless, so think twice before doing it. Simply
+ install the program shipped with the modem by your provider.
+ Then, access the <guimenu>System</guimenu> menu from the
+ program. The name of your profile should be listed there. It
+ is usually <emphasis>ISP</emphasis>.</para>
<para>The profile name (service tag) will be used in the PPPoE
configuration entry in <filename>ppp.conf</filename> as the
@@ -1609,13 +1624,14 @@ ppp_profile="name_of_service_provider"</
<para>Do not forget to change <replaceable>xl1</replaceable>
to the proper device for your Ethernet card.</para>
+
<para>Do not forget to change <replaceable>ISP</replaceable>
to the profile you have just found above.</para>
<para>For additional information, refer to <ulink
- url="http://renaud.waldura.com/doc/freebsd/pppoe/">Cheaper
- Broadband with &os; on DSL</ulink> by Renaud
- Waldura.</para>
+ url="http://renaud.waldura.com/doc/freebsd/pppoe/">Cheaper
+ Broadband with &os; on DSL</ulink> by Renaud
+ Waldura.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="ppp-3com">
@@ -1626,11 +1642,11 @@ ppp_profile="name_of_service_provider"</
<para>This modem does not follow <ulink
url="http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2516.html">RFC 2516</ulink>
- (<emphasis>A Method for transmitting <acronym>PPP</acronym> over Ethernet
- (PPPoE)</emphasis>, written by L. Mamakos, K. Lidl, J. Evarts,
- D. Carrel, D. Simone, and R. Wheeler). Instead, different
- packet type codes have been used for the Ethernet frames.
- Please complain to <ulink
+ (<emphasis>A Method for transmitting <acronym>PPP</acronym>
+ over Ethernet (PPPoE)</emphasis>, written by L. Mamakos, K.
+ Lidl, J. Evarts, D. Carrel, D. Simone, and R. Wheeler).
+ Instead, different packet type codes have been used for the
+ Ethernet frames. Please complain to <ulink
url="http://www.3com.com/">3Com</ulink> if you think it
should comply with the PPPoE specification.</para>
@@ -1727,9 +1743,9 @@ ppp_profile="adsl"</programlisting>
<para>You can use <application>mpd</application> to connect to a
variety of services, in particular PPTP services. You can
find <application>mpd</application> in the Ports Collection,
- <filename role="package">net/mpd5</filename>. Many ADSL modems
- require that a PPTP tunnel is created between the modem and
- computer, one such modem is the Alcatel &speedtouch;
+ <filename role="package">net/mpd5</filename>. Many ADSL
+ modems require that a PPTP tunnel is created between the modem
+ and computer, one such modem is the Alcatel &speedtouch;
Home.</para>
<para>First you must install the port, and then you can
@@ -1883,14 +1899,14 @@ ng0: flags=88d1<UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNIN
</warning>
- <para>This will open a tunnel for a <acronym>PPP</acronym> session to your DSL
- router. Ethernet DSL modems have a preconfigured LAN IP
- address which you connect to. In the case of the Alcatel
- &speedtouch; Home this address is <hostid
+ <para>This will open a tunnel for a <acronym>PPP</acronym>
+ session to your DSL router. Ethernet DSL modems have a
+ preconfigured LAN IP address which you connect to. In the
+ case of the Alcatel &speedtouch; Home this address is <hostid
role="ipaddr">10.0.0.138</hostid>. Your router
documentation should tell you which address your device
- uses. To open the tunnel and start a <acronym>PPP</acronym> session execute
- the following command:</para>
+ uses. To open the tunnel and start a <acronym>PPP</acronym>
+ session execute the following command:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>pptp <replaceable>address</replaceable> <replaceable>adsl</replaceable></userinput></screen>
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