svn commit: r44738 - head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/x11
Dru Lavigne
dru at FreeBSD.org
Fri May 2 15:30:24 UTC 2014
Author: dru
Date: Fri May 2 15:30:23 2014
New Revision: 44738
URL: http://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/doc/44738
Log:
Editorial review of GNOME section.
Fix some xrefs while here.
More commits to this chapter to come.
Sponsored by: iXsystems
Modified:
head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/x11/chapter.xml
Modified: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/x11/chapter.xml
==============================================================================
--- head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/x11/chapter.xml Fri May 2 05:37:53 2014 (r44737)
+++ head/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/x11/chapter.xml Fri May 2 15:30:23 2014 (r44738)
@@ -521,9 +521,8 @@ dbus_enable="YES"</programlisting>
not complete enough to serve as screen fonts. In addition,
<application>&xorg;</application> can be configured to use
&truetype; fonts with a minimum of effort. For more details
- on this, see the &man.X.7; manual page or the <link
- linkend="truetype">section on &truetype;
- fonts</link>.</para>
+ on this, see the &man.X.7; manual page or <xref
+ linkend="truetype"/>.</para>
<para>To install the above Type1 font collections from the
Ports Collection, run the following commands:</para>
@@ -551,9 +550,8 @@ dbus_enable="YES"</programlisting>
<filename>~/.xsession</filename> when logging in through a
graphical login manager like <application>XDM</application>).
A third way is to use the new
- <filename>/usr/local/etc/fonts/local.conf</filename> file: see
- the section on
- <link linkend="antialias">anti-aliasing</link>.</para>
+ <filename>/usr/local/etc/fonts/local.conf</filename> file as demonstrated in
+ <xref linkend="antialias"/>.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 xml:id="truetype">
@@ -597,8 +595,8 @@ dbus_enable="YES"</programlisting>
&prompt.root; <userinput>ttmkfdir -o fonts.dir</userinput></screen>
<para>Now add the &truetype; directory to the font path. This
- is just the same as described above for <link
- linkend="type1">Type1</link> fonts, that is, use</para>
+ is just the same as described in <xref
+ linkend="type1"/>:</para>
<screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>xset fp+ /usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/TrueType</userinput>
&prompt.user; <userinput>xset fp rehash</userinput></screen>
@@ -1070,151 +1068,110 @@ DisplayManager.requestPort: 0</scree
</sect1>
<sect1 xml:id="x11-wm">
- <!--
- <sect1info>
+ <info>
+ <title>Desktop Environments</title>
+
<authorgroup>
<author>
+ <personname>
<firstname>Valentino</firstname>
<surname>Vaschetto</surname>
- <contrib>Contributed in June 2001 by </contrib>
+ </personname>
+ <!--
+ <contrib>Contributed in June 2001 by </contrib> -->
</author>
</authorgroup>
- </sect1info>
- -->
-
- <title>Desktop Environments</title>
+ </info>
- <para>This section describes the different desktop environments
- available for X on FreeBSD. A
- <quote>desktop environment</quote> can mean anything ranging
+ <para>This section describes how to install three popular
+ desktop environments on a &os; system. A
+ desktop environment can range
from a simple window manager to a complete suite of desktop
- applications, such as <application>KDE</application> or
- <application>GNOME</application>.</para>
+ applications. Over a hundred desktop environments are
+ available in the <filename>x11-wm</filename> category of the
+ Ports Collection.</para>
<sect2 xml:id="x11-wm-gnome">
<title>GNOME</title>
- <sect3 xml:id="x11-wm-gnome-about">
- <title>About GNOME</title>
-
<indexterm><primary>GNOME</primary></indexterm>
<para><application>GNOME</application> is a user-friendly
- desktop environment that enables users to easily use and
- configure their computers. <application>GNOME</application>
- includes a panel (for starting applications and displaying
- status), a desktop (where data and applications can be
- placed), a set of standard desktop tools and applications,
- anda set of conventions that make it easy for applications
- to cooperate and be consistent with each other. Users of
- other operating systems or environments should feel right at
- home using the powerful graphics-driven environment that
- <application>GNOME</application> provides. More information
- regarding <application>GNOME</application> on FreeBSD can be
- found on the <link
- xlink:href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/gnome">FreeBSD GNOME
- Project</link>'s web site. The web site also contains
- fairly comprehensive FAQs about installing, configuring, and
- managing <application>GNOME</application>.</para>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3 xml:id="x11-wm-gnome-install">
- <title>Installing GNOME</title>
+ desktop environment. It
+ includes a panel for starting applications and displaying
+ status, a desktop, a set of tools and applications,
+ and a set of conventions that make it easy for applications
+ to cooperate and be consistent with each other. More information
+ regarding <application>GNOME</application> on &os; can be
+ found at <link
+ xlink:href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/gnome">http://www.FreeBSD.org/gnome</link>.
+ That web site contains additional documentation
+ about installing, configuring, and
+ managing <application>GNOME</application> on &os;.</para>
- <para>The software can be easily installed from a package
- or the Ports Collection:</para>
-
- <para>To install the <application>GNOME</application> package,
- type:</para>
+ <para>This desktop environment can be installed from a package:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>pkg install gnome2</userinput></screen>
- <para>To build <application>GNOME</application> from source,
- use the ports tree:</para>
+ <para>To instead build <application>GNOME</application> from
+ ports:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cd /usr/ports/x11/gnome2</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>make install clean</userinput></screen>
<para>For proper operation, <application>GNOME</application>
- requires the <filename>/proc</filename> filesystem to be
- mounted. Add</para>
+ requires the <filename>/proc</filename> file system to be
+ mounted. Add this line to <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> to mount
+ this file system automatically during system
+ startup:</para>
<programlisting>proc /proc procfs rw 0 0</programlisting>
- <para>to <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> to mount
- &man.procfs.5; automatically during
- startup.</para>
-
<para>Once <application>GNOME</application> is installed,
- the X server must be told to start
- <application>GNOME</application> instead of a default window
- manager.</para>
-
- <para>The easiest way to start
- <application>GNOME</application> is with
- <application>GDM</application>, the GNOME Display Manager.
- <application>GDM</application> is installed as part
- of the <application>GNOME</application> desktop, although
- it is disabled by default. It can be enabled by adding this
+ configure <application>&xorg;</application> to start
+ <application>GNOME</application>. The easiest way to do this
+ is to enable the GNOME Display Manager,
+ <application>GDM</application>,
+ which is installed as part
+ of the <application>GNOME</application> package or port.
+ It can be enabled by adding this
line to <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>:</para>
<programlisting>gdm_enable="YES"</programlisting>
- <para>Once you have rebooted, <application>GDM</application>
- will start automatically.</para>
-
- <para>It is often desirable to start all
- <application>GNOME</application> services together with
- <application>GDM</application>. To achieve this, add the
- following line to <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>:</para>
+ <para>It is often desirable to also start all
+ <application>GNOME</application> services. To achieve this, add
+ a second line to <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>:</para>
<programlisting>gnome_enable="YES"</programlisting>
- <para><application>GNOME</application> may also be started
- from the command-line by properly configuring a file named
- <filename>.xinitrc</filename>. If a custom
- <filename>.xinitrc</filename> is already in place, simply
+ <para><application>GDM</application>
+ will now start automatically when the system boots.</para>
+
+ <para>A second method for starting
+ <application>GNOME</application> is to type <command>startx</command>
+ from the command-line after configuring
+ <filename>~/.xinitrc</filename>. If this file already exists,
replace the line that starts the current window manager with
one that starts
- <application>/usr/local/bin/gnome-session</application>
- instead. If nothing special has been done to the
- configuration file, then it is enough simply to type:</para>
+ <filename>/usr/local/bin/gnome-session</filename>. If
+ this file does not exist, create it with this command:</para>
<screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>echo "/usr/local/bin/gnome-session" > ~/.xinitrc</userinput></screen>
- <para>Next, type <command>startx</command>, and the
- <application>GNOME</application> desktop environment will
- be started.</para>
-
- <note>
- <para>If an older display manager, like
- <application>XDM</application>, is being used, this will
- not work. Instead, create an executable
- <filename>.xsession</filename> file with the same command
- in it. To do this, edit the file and replace the existing
- window manager command with
- <application>/usr/local/bin/gnome-session</application>:</para>
- </note>
+ <para>A third method is to use
+ <application>XDM</application> as the display manager. In this case,
+ create an executable
+ <filename>~/.xsession</filename>:</para>
<screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>echo "#!/bin/sh" > ~/.xsession</userinput>
&prompt.user; <userinput>echo "/usr/local/bin/gnome-session" >> ~/.xsession</userinput>
&prompt.user; <userinput>chmod +x ~/.xsession</userinput></screen>
-
- <para>Yet another option is to configure the display manager
- to allow choosing the window manager at login time; the
- section on
- <link linkend="x11-wm-kde-details">KDE details</link>
- explains how to do this for <application>KDM</application>,
- the display manager of
- <application>KDE</application>.</para>
- </sect3>
</sect2>
<sect2 xml:id="x11-wm-kde">
<title>KDE</title>
<indexterm><primary>KDE</primary></indexterm>
- <sect3 xml:id="x11-wm-kde-about">
- <title>About KDE</title>
<para><application>KDE</application> is an easy to use
contemporary desktop environment. Some of the things that
@@ -1274,10 +1231,6 @@ DisplayManager.requestPort: 0</scree
<application>KDE</application>, consult the
<link xlink:href="http://freebsd.kde.org/">KDE/FreeBSD
initiative</link>'s website.</para>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3 xml:id="x11-wm-kde-install">
- <title>Installing KDE</title>
<para>Just as with <application>GNOME</application> or any
other desktop environment, the software can be easily
@@ -1319,11 +1272,6 @@ DisplayManager.requestPort: 0</scree
<filename>.xsession</filename> file instead. Instructions
for <application>KDM</application> are described later in
this chapter.</para>
- </sect3>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2 xml:id="x11-wm-kde-details">
- <title>More Details on KDE</title>
<para>Now that <application>KDE</application> is installed on
the system, most things can be discovered through the help
@@ -1368,9 +1316,6 @@ DisplayManager.requestPort: 0</scree
<sect2 xml:id="x11-wm-xfce">
<title>Xfce</title>
- <sect3 xml:id="x11-wm-xfce-about">
- <title>About Xfce</title>
-
<para><application>Xfce</application> is a desktop environment
based on the GTK+ toolkit used by
<application>GNOME</application>, but is much more
@@ -1416,10 +1361,6 @@ DisplayManager.requestPort: 0</scree
<para>More information on <application>Xfce</application>
can be found on the <link
xlink:href="http://www.xfce.org/">Xfce website</link>.</para>
- </sect3>
-
- <sect3 xml:id="x11-wm-xfce-install">
- <title>Installing Xfce</title>
<para>To install <application>Xfce</application>, type:</para>
@@ -1441,13 +1382,12 @@ DisplayManager.requestPort: 0</scree
<application>Xfce</application> will be the desktop. As
before, if a display manager like
<application>XDM</application> is being used, create an
- <filename>.xsession</filename>, as described in the section
- on <link linkend="x11-wm-gnome">GNOME</link>, but with the
+ <filename>.xsession</filename>, as described in
+ <xref linkend="x11-wm-gnome"/>, but with the
<filename>/usr/local/bin/startxfce4</filename> command; or,
configure the display manager to allow choosing a desktop at
- login time, as explained in the section on
- <link linkend="x11-wm-kde-kdm">kdm</link>.</para>
- </sect3>
+ login time, as explained in
+ <xref linkend="x11-wm-kde-kdm"/>.</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
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