FreeBSD routing

Bob Hepple bhepple at freeshell.org
Fri Oct 14 16:27:50 PDT 2005


Hello!

I'm new to FreeBSD (5.3) and trying to make the transition from Linux. One
thing that has me stumped is a routing question... it must be something
really simple because I can do it all the time in Linux.

I just want to add an arbitrary machine (eg. with IP 192.168.2.214) to my
home network 192.168.254.0/24. Under Linux I just do a 

	route add -host 192.168.2.214 eth0

and I can ping it.

On FreeBSD I tried both

	route add -host 192.168.2.214 192.168.254.245
	route add -host 192.168.2.214 -interface rl0

but I'm getting some kind of redirect loop. Apparently my use of the
FreeBSD route command is wrong.

BTW - I don't want to use DHCP for various reasons (mainly because I need
to ssh to the new machine and therefore need to have a known IP address -
but also because some of the machines I need to add don't support DHCP
clients or else setting them up to do so is just too much).

I haven't got round to natd and firewalling stuff yet and I won't try
turning these on until I can at least ping the new box. For now, these
features are not enabled in /etc/rc.conf.

Just to eliminate the obvious - yes I booted Linux on this machine
and tested it and it worked - so it's not a h/w problem. 

Here's the detail: I'm issuing the "route add" commands on "raita" and
trying to reach "rasam":

      internet
        |
      router
        .192.168.0.1
        .
        .  wireless 
        .
        .ath0/192.168.0.18
      raita
        |rl0/192.168.254.245
        |
    -------------------------- 10baseT
                           |
                           |
                           |192.168.2.214
                         rasam

bash-2.05b# ifconfig -a
rl0: flags=8843<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
        options=8<VLAN_MTU>
        inet 192.168.254.245 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 192.168.254.255
        inet6 fe80::201:29ff:fe74:99c2%rl0 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x1 
        ether 00:01:29:74:99:c2
        media: Ethernet autoselect (none)
        status: no carrier
ath0: flags=8843<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.0.18 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 192.168.0.255
        inet6 fe80::209:5bff:fee8:b9d2%ath0 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x3 
        ether 00:09:5b:e8:b9:d2
        media: IEEE 802.11 Wireless Ethernet autoselect (OFDM/54Mbps)
        status: associated
        ssid Baroona 1:Baroona
        channel 6 authmode OPEN powersavemode OFF powersavesleep 100
        rtsthreshold 2312 protmode CTS
        wepmode MIXED weptxkey 1
        wepkey 1:40-bit

I tried two ways to add the route to rasam from raita:

1/ using the address for the interface:

# netstat -rn
Routing tables

Internet:
Destination        Gateway            Flags    Refs      Use  Netif Expire
default            192.168.0.1        UGS         0       24   ath0
127.0.0.1          127.0.0.1          UH          0      139    lo0
192.168.0          link#3             UC          0        0   ath0
192.168.0.1        link#3             UHLW        1       22   ath0
192.168.254        link#1             UC          0        0    rl0

bash-2.05b# route add -host 192.168.2.214 192.168.254.245
add host 192.168.2.214: gateway 192.168.254.245
bash-2.05b# netstat -rn
Routing tables

Internet:
Destination        Gateway            Flags    Refs      Use  Netif Expire
default            192.168.0.1        UGS         0      700   ath0
127.0.0.1          127.0.0.1          UH          0      139    lo0
192.168.0          link#3             UC          0        0   ath0
192.168.0.1        00:09:5b:ec:45:4a  UHLW        1       44   ath0    547
192.168.2.214      192.168.254.245    UGHS        0      448    rl0
192.168.254        link#1             UC          0        0    rl0
192.168.254.245    00:01:29:74:99:c2  UHLW        1      448    lo0

bash-2.05b# ping rasam
PING rasam.gc.eracom-tech.com (192.168.2.214): 56 data bytes
36 bytes from raita.finder.com.au (192.168.254.245): Redirect Host(New addr: 192.168.254.245)
Vr HL TOS  Len   ID Flg  off TTL Pro  cks      Src      Dst
 4  5  00 0054 00ba   0 0000  40  01 f6d2 192.168.254.245  192.168.2.214 
...

2/ By using the interface name:

bash-2.05b# netstat -rn
Routing tables

Internet:
Destination        Gateway            Flags    Refs      Use  Netif Expire
default            192.168.0.1        UGS         0      708   ath0
127.0.0.1          127.0.0.1          UH          0      139    lo0
192.168.0          link#3             UC          0        0   ath0
192.168.0.1        00:09:5b:ec:45:4a  UHLW        1       44   ath0    315
192.168.254        link#1             UC          0        0    rl0
192.168.254.245    00:01:29:74:99:c2  UHLW        0      448    lo0

bash-2.05b# route add -host 192.168.2.214 -interface rl0
add host 192.168.2.214: gateway rl0
bash-2.05b# netstat -rn
Routing tables

Internet:
Destination        Gateway            Flags    Refs      Use  Netif Expire
default            192.168.0.1        UGS         0      708   ath0
127.0.0.1          127.0.0.1          UH          0      139    lo0
192.168.0          link#3             UC          0        0   ath0
192.168.0.1        00:09:5b:ec:45:4a  UHLW        1       44   ath0    286
192.168.2.214      00:01:29:74:99:c2  UHLS        0        0    rl0
192.168.254        link#1             UC          0        0    rl0
192.168.254.245    00:01:29:74:99:c2  UHLW        0      448    lo0

bash-2.05b# ping rasam
PING rasam.gc.eracom-tech.com (192.168.2.214): 56 data bytes
36 bytes from raita.finder.com.au (192.168.254.245): Redirect Host(New addr: 192
.168.2.214)
Vr HL TOS  Len   ID Flg  off TTL Pro  cks      Src      Dst
 4  5  00 0054 063f   0 0000  40  01 f14d 192.168.254.245  192.168.2.214 

36 bytes from raita.finder.com.au (192.168.254.245): Redirect Host(New addr: 192
.168.2.214)
Vr HL TOS  Len   ID Flg  off TTL Pro  cks      Src      Dst
 4  5  00 0054 063f   0 0000  3f  01 f24d 192.168.254.245  192.168.2.214 

... same story. Any idea what I'm doing wrong?


Thanks



Bob

-- 
Bob Hepple, Research & Development Group
Eracom Technologies Australia Pty. Ltd.
28 Greg Chappell Drive, Burleigh Heads, Qld. 4220, Australia
Tel.: +61 7 5593 4911               Fax.: +61 7 5593 4388
mailto:bob.hepple at eracom-tech.com http://www.eracom-tech.com
Public Key: http://bhepple.freeshell.org/public_keys.txt


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