kern/117239: kernel panic: NULL pointer dereference in vm_fault

Jari Kirma kirma.from.cs.hut.fi at FreeBSD.org
Tue Oct 16 03:20:02 PDT 2007


>Number:         117239
>Category:       kern
>Synopsis:       kernel panic: NULL pointer dereference in vm_fault
>Confidential:   no
>Severity:       serious
>Priority:       medium
>Responsible:    freebsd-bugs
>State:          open
>Quarter:        
>Keywords:       
>Date-Required:
>Class:          sw-bug
>Submitter-Id:   current-users
>Arrival-Date:   Tue Oct 16 10:20:01 UTC 2007
>Closed-Date:
>Last-Modified:
>Originator:     Jari Kirma
>Release:        6.2-STABLE
>Organization:
Helsinki University of Technology
>Environment:
FreeBSD XXX.hut.fi 6.2-STABLE FreeBSD 6.2-STABLE #1: Mon Oct  8 12:57:26 EEST 2007     root at XXX.hut.fi:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/XXX-SMP  i386
>Description:
Kernel crash on an SMP i386 workstation, also an NFS client.
Panic message:

Fatal trap 12: page fault while in kernel mode
cpuid = 1; apic id = 01
fault virtual address   = 0x5a
fault code              = supervisor read, page not present
instruction pointer     = 0x20:0xc068eaba
stack pointer           = 0x28:0xe57fb66c
frame pointer           = 0x28:0xe57fb790
code segment            = base 0x0, limit 0xfffff, type 0x1b
                        = DPL 0, pres 1, def32 1, gran 1
processor eflags        = interrupt enabled, resume, IOPL = 0
current process         = 13259 (rxvt)
trap number             = 12
panic: page fault

0xc068eaba is vm_fault+0x13e.

Essentially this panic is caused by fs.first_object being NULL.
NULL dereference occurs at src/sys/vm/fault_vm.c version 1.205.2.7, line 295:
	if (fs.first_object->flags & OBJ_NEEDGIANT)

Relevant snippet of objdump -d kernel:

c068e97c <vm_fault>:
c068e97c:       55                      push   %ebp
c068e97d:       89 e5                   mov    %esp,%ebp
c068e97f:       57                      push   %edi
c068e980:       56                      push   %esi
c068e981:       53                      push   %ebx
c068e982:       81 ec 18 01 00 00       sub    $0x118,%esp
c068e988:       8a 45 10                mov    0x10(%ebp),%al
c068e98b:       88 85 5f ff ff ff       mov    %al,0xffffff5f(%ebp)
c068e991:       c7 85 4c ff ff ff 00    movl   $0x0,0xffffff4c(%ebp)
c068e998:       00 00 00 
c068e99b:       c7 85 54 ff ff ff 01    movl   $0x1,0xffffff54(%ebp)
c068e9a2:       00 00 00 
c068e9a5:       f0 83 05 b4 7b 79 c0    lock addl $0x1,0xc0797bb4
c068e9ac:       01 
c068e9ad:       8b 55 08                mov    0x8(%ebp),%edx
c068e9b0:       8d 4d 80                lea    0xffffff80(%ebp),%ecx
c068e9b3:       89 55 a4                mov    %edx,0xffffffa4(%ebp)
c068e9b6:       8d 9d 7f ff ff ff       lea    0xffffff7f(%ebp),%ebx
c068e9bc:       51                      push   %ecx
c068e9bd:       53                      push   %ebx
c068e9be:       8d 45 9c                lea    0xffffff9c(%ebp),%eax
c068e9c1:       50                      push   %eax
c068e9c2:       8d 55 98                lea    0xffffff98(%ebp),%edx
c068e9c5:       52                      push   %edx
c068e9c6:       8d 4d a8                lea    0xffffffa8(%ebp),%ecx
c068e9c9:       51                      push   %ecx
c068e9ca:       0f b6 85 5f ff ff ff    movzbl 0xffffff5f(%ebp),%eax
c068e9d1:       50                      push   %eax
c068e9d2:       ff 75 0c                pushl  0xc(%ebp)
c068e9d5:       8d 5d a4                lea    0xffffffa4(%ebp),%ebx
c068e9d8:       53                      push   %ebx
c068e9d9:       e8 fe 81 00 00          call   c0696bdc <vm_map_lookup>
c068e9de:       83 c4 20                add    $0x20,%esp
c068e9e1:       85 c0                   test   %eax,%eax
c068e9e3:       89 c3                   mov    %eax,%ebx
c068e9e5:       0f 84 b0 00 00 00       je     c068ea9b <vm_fault+0x11f>
c068e9eb:       83 f8 02                cmp    $0x2,%eax
c068e9ee:       74 61                   je     c068ea51 <vm_fault+0xd5>
c068e9f0:       8b b5 54 ff ff ff       mov    0xffffff54(%ebp),%esi
c068e9f6:       85 f6                   test   %esi,%esi
c068e9f8:       0f 84 ce 08 00 00       je     c068f2cc <vm_fault+0x950>
c068e9fe:       83 fb 01                cmp    $0x1,%ebx
c068ea01:       0f 85 c5 08 00 00       jne    c068f2cc <vm_fault+0x950>
c068ea07:       8b 45 08                mov    0x8(%ebp),%eax
c068ea0a:       3b 05 ac 7a 79 c0       cmp    0xc0797aac,%eax
c068ea10:       0f 84 b6 08 00 00       je     c068f2cc <vm_fault+0x950>
c068ea16:       64 a1 00 00 00 00       mov    %fs:0x0,%eax
c068ea1c:       8b 08                   mov    (%eax),%ecx
c068ea1e:       85 c9                   test   %ecx,%ecx
c068ea20:       0f 84 a6 08 00 00       je     c068f2cc <vm_fault+0x950>
c068ea26:       64 a1 00 00 00 00       mov    %fs:0x0,%eax
c068ea2c:       ff 75 0c                pushl  0xc(%ebp)
c068ea2f:       ff 30                   pushl  (%eax)
c068ea31:       e8 3a 7c 00 00          call   c0696670 <vm_map_growstack>
c068ea36:       89 c3                   mov    %eax,%ebx
c068ea38:       85 db                   test   %ebx,%ebx
c068ea3a:       58                      pop    %eax
c068ea3b:       5a                      pop    %edx
c068ea3c:       0f 85 15 16 00 00       jne    c0690057 <vm_fault+0x16db>
c068ea42:       c7 85 54 ff ff ff 00    movl   $0x0,0xffffff54(%ebp)
c068ea49:       00 00 00 
c068ea4c:       e9 5c ff ff ff          jmp    c068e9ad <vm_fault+0x31>
c068ea51:       8b 45 14                mov    0x14(%ebp),%eax
c068ea54:       83 e0 03                and    $0x3,%eax
c068ea57:       83 f8 02                cmp    $0x2,%eax
c068ea5a:       75 94                   jne    c068e9f0 <vm_fault+0x74>
c068ea5c:       8d 55 80                lea    0xffffff80(%ebp),%edx
c068ea5c:       8d 55 80                lea    0xffffff80(%ebp),%edx
c068ea5f:       52                      push   %edx
c068ea60:       8d 8d 7f ff ff ff       lea    0xffffff7f(%ebp),%ecx
c068ea66:       51                      push   %ecx
c068ea67:       8d 5d 9c                lea    0xffffff9c(%ebp),%ebx
c068ea6a:       53                      push   %ebx
c068ea6b:       8d 45 98                lea    0xffffff98(%ebp),%eax
c068ea6e:       50                      push   %eax
c068ea6f:       8d 55 a8                lea    0xffffffa8(%ebp),%edx
c068ea72:       52                      push   %edx
c068ea73:       6a 0b                   push   $0xb
c068ea75:       ff 75 0c                pushl  0xc(%ebp)
c068ea78:       8d 4d a4                lea    0xffffffa4(%ebp),%ecx
c068ea7b:       51                      push   %ecx
c068ea7c:       e8 5b 81 00 00          call   c0696bdc <vm_map_lookup>
c068ea81:       83 c4 20                add    $0x20,%esp
c068ea84:       85 c0                   test   %eax,%eax
c068ea86:       89 c3                   mov    %eax,%ebx
c068ea88:       0f 85 3e 08 00 00       jne    c068f2cc <vm_fault+0x950>
c068ea8e:       8b 55 a8                mov    0xffffffa8(%ebp),%edx
c068ea91:       f6 42 34 02             testb  $0x2,0x34(%edx)
c068ea95:       75 07                   jne    c068ea9e <vm_fault+0x122>
c068ea97:       80 62 35 fd             andb   $0xfd,0x35(%edx)
c068ea9b:       8b 55 a8                mov    0xffffffa8(%ebp),%edx
c068ea9e:       8b 45 a4                mov    0xffffffa4(%ebp),%eax
c068eaa1:       8b 80 b0 00 00 00       mov    0xb0(%eax),%eax
c068eaa7:       89 85 50 ff ff ff       mov    %eax,0xffffff50(%ebp)
c068eaad:       f6 42 30 10             testb  $0x10,0x30(%edx)
c068eab1:       0f 85 93 15 00 00       jne    c069004a <vm_fault+0x16ce>
c068eab7:       8b 75 98                mov    0xffffff98(%ebp),%esi

*** HERE ***

c068eaba:       66 83 7e 5a 00          cmpw   $0x0,0x5a(%esi)
c068eabf:       0f 88 f2 0d 00 00       js     c068f8b7 <vm_fault+0xf3b>
c068eac5:       64 8b 15 00 00 00 00    mov    %fs:0x0,%edx
c068eacc:       bb 04 00 00 00          mov    $0x4,%ebx
c068ead1:       89 d8                   mov    %ebx,%eax
c068ead3:       f0 0f b1 56 1c          lock cmpxchg %edx,0x1c(%esi)
c068ead8:       0f 94 c0                sete   %al
c068eadb:       0f b6 c0                movzbl %al,%eax
c068eade:       85 c0                   test   %eax,%eax
c068eae0:       0f 84 c9 0c 00 00       je     c068f7af <vm_fault+0xe33>
c068eae6:       ff 75 98                pushl  0xffffff98(%ebp)
c068eae9:       e8 66 a4 00 00          call   c0698f54 <vm_object_reference_locked>
..

dmesg:

Copyright (c) 1992-2007 The FreeBSD Project.
Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
	The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation.
FreeBSD 6.2-STABLE #1: Mon Oct  8 12:57:26 EEST 2007
    root at XXX.hut.fi:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/XXX-SMP
Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0
CPU: Intel(R) Pentium(R) D CPU 2.80GHz (2805.72-MHz 686-class CPU)
  Origin = "GenuineIntel"  Id = 0xf44  Stepping = 4
  Features=0xbfebfbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,MCA,CMOV,PAT,PSE36,CLFLUSH,DTS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,HTT,TM,PBE>
  Features2=0x641d<SSE3,RSVD2,MON,DS_CPL,CNXT-ID,CX16,xTPR>
  AMD Features=0x20100000<NX,LM>
  Cores per package: 2
real memory  = 1072005120 (1022 MB)
avail memory = 1031491584 (983 MB)
ACPI APIC Table: <INTEL  D945PSN >
FreeBSD/SMP: Multiprocessor System Detected: 2 CPUs
 cpu0 (BSP): APIC ID:  0
 cpu1 (AP): APIC ID:  1
ioapic0: Changing APIC ID to 2
ioapic0 <Version 2.0> irqs 0-23 on motherboard
ichwd module loaded
acpi0: <INTEL D945PSN> on motherboard
acpi0: Power Button (fixed)
Timecounter "ACPI-fast" frequency 3579545 Hz quality 1000
acpi_timer0: <24-bit timer at 3.579545MHz> port 0x408-0x40b on acpi0
cpu0: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
p4tcc0: <CPU Frequency Thermal Control> on cpu0
cpu1: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
p4tcc1: <CPU Frequency Thermal Control> on cpu1
acpi_button0: <Sleep Button> on acpi0
pcib0: <ACPI Host-PCI bridge> port 0xcf8-0xcff on acpi0
pci0: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib0
pcib1: <PCI-PCI bridge> at device 1.0 on pci0
pci1: <PCI bus> on pcib1
nvidia0: <GeForce 6600 GT> mem 0x48000000-0x4bffffff,0x40000000-0x47ffffff,0x4c000000-0x4cffffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci1
nvidia0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
pcm0: <Intel 82801G High Definition Audio Controller> mem 0x4d200000-0x4d203fff irq 22 at device 27.0 on pci0
pcib2: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 28.0 on pci0
pci2: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib2
em0: <Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Connection Version - 6.6.6> port 0x1000-0x101f mem 0x4d100000-0x4d11ffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci2
em0: Ethernet address: 00:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX
em0: [FAST]
pcib3: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 28.2 on pci0
pci3: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib3
pcib4: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 28.3 on pci0
pci4: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib4
uhci0: <UHCI (generic) USB controller> port 0x2080-0x209f irq 23 at device 29.0 on pci0
uhci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
usb0: <UHCI (generic) USB controller> on uhci0
usb0: USB revision 1.0
uhub0: Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1
uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci1: <UHCI (generic) USB controller> port 0x2060-0x207f irq 19 at device 29.1 on pci0
uhci1: [GIANT-LOCKED]
usb1: <UHCI (generic) USB controller> on uhci1
usb1: USB revision 1.0
uhub1: Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1
uhub1: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci2: <UHCI (generic) USB controller> port 0x2040-0x205f irq 18 at device 29.2 on pci0
uhci2: [GIANT-LOCKED]
usb2: <UHCI (generic) USB controller> on uhci2
usb2: USB revision 1.0
uhub2: Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1
uhub2: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
uhci3: <UHCI (generic) USB controller> port 0x2020-0x203f irq 16 at device 29.3 on pci0
uhci3: [GIANT-LOCKED]
usb3: <UHCI (generic) USB controller> on uhci3
usb3: USB revision 1.0
uhub3: Intel UHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1
uhub3: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
ehci0: <Intel 82801GB/R (ICH7) USB 2.0 controller> mem 0x4d204000-0x4d2043ff irq 23 at device 29.7 on pci0
ehci0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
usb4: EHCI version 1.0
usb4: companion controllers, 2 ports each: usb0 usb1 usb2 usb3
usb4: <Intel 82801GB/R (ICH7) USB 2.0 controller> on ehci0
usb4: USB revision 2.0
uhub4: Intel EHCI root hub, class 9/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1
uhub4: 8 ports with 8 removable, self powered
umass0: Generic USB2.0 Card Reader, rev 2.00/1.9c, addr 2
pcib5: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 30.0 on pci0
pci5: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib5
fwohci0: <Texas Instruments TSB43AB23> mem 0x4d004000-0x4d0047ff,0x4d000000-0x4d003fff irq 17 at device 5.0 on pci5
fwohci0: OHCI version 1.10 (ROM=0)
fwohci0: No. of Isochronous channels is 4.
fwohci0: EUI64 00:90:27:00:01:9c:89:69
fwohci0: Phy 1394a available S400, 3 ports.
fwohci0: Link S400, max_rec 2048 bytes.
firewire0: <IEEE1394(FireWire) bus> on fwohci0
fwe0: <Ethernet over FireWire> on firewire0
if_fwe0: Fake Ethernet address: 02:90:27:9c:89:69
fwe0: Ethernet address: 02:90:27:9c:89:69
fwe0: if_start running deferred for Giant
sbp0: <SBP-2/SCSI over FireWire> on firewire0
fwohci0: Initiate bus reset
fwohci0: BUS reset
fwohci0: node_id=0xc800ffc0, gen=1, CYCLEMASTER mode
firewire0: 1 nodes, maxhop <= 0, cable IRM = 0 (me)
firewire0: bus manager 0 (me)
isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 31.0 on pci0
isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0
atapci0: <Intel ICH7 UDMA100 controller> port 0x1f0-0x1f7,0x3f6,0x170-0x177,0x376,0x20b0-0x20bf irq 18 at device 31.1 on pci0
ata0: <ATA channel 0> on atapci0
ata1: <ATA channel 1> on atapci0
atapci1: <Intel ICH7 SATA300 controller> port 0x20c8-0x20cf,0x20e4-0x20e7,0x20c0-0x20c7,0x20e0-0x20e3,0x20a0-0x20af irq 19 at device 31.2 on pci0
ata2: <ATA channel 0> on atapci1
ata3: <ATA channel 1> on atapci1
pci0: <serial bus, SMBus> at device 31.3 (no driver attached)
atkbdc0: <Keyboard controller (i8042)> port 0x60,0x64 irq 1 on acpi0
atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> irq 1 on atkbdc0
kbd0 at atkbd0
atkbd0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
psm0: <PS/2 Mouse> irq 12 on atkbdc0
psm0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
psm0: model IntelliMouse, device ID 3
sio0: <16550A-compatible COM port> port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on acpi0
sio0: type 16550A
ichwd0: <Intel ICH7 watchdog timer> on isa0
ichwd0: Intel ICH7 watchdog timer (ICH7 or equivalent)
pmtimer0 on isa0
orm0: <ISA Option ROMs> at iomem 0xcf800-0xd07ff,0xd0800-0xd17ff on isa0
sc0: <System console> at flags 0x100 on isa0
sc0: VGA <16 virtual consoles, flags=0x300>
sio1: configured irq 3 not in bitmap of probed irqs 0
sio1: port may not be enabled
vga0: <Generic ISA VGA> at port 0x3c0-0x3df iomem 0xa0000-0xbffff on isa0
ugen0: HewLett Packard HP LaserJet 1200, rev 1.10/1.00, addr 2
Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec
acd0: DVDR <HL-DT-ST DVDRAM GSA-4167B/DL11> at ata0-master UDMA33
ad4: 76319MB <SAMSUNG HD080HJ WT100-33> at ata2-master SATA150
pcm0: <HDA Codec: Sigmatel STAC9221>
pcm0: <HDA Driver Revision: 20070710_0047>
acd0: FAILURE - INQUIRY ILLEGAL REQUEST asc=0x24 ascq=0x00 sks=0x40 0x00 0x01
SMP: AP CPU #1 Launched!
cd0 at ata0 bus 0 target 0 lun 0
cd0: <HL-DT-ST DVDRAM GSA-4167B DL11> Removable CD-ROM SCSI-0 device 
cd0: 33.000MB/s transfers
cd0: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present
da0 at umass-sim0 bus 0 target 0 lun 0
da0: <Generic IC1210        CF 1.9C> Removable Direct Access SCSI-0 device 
da0: 40.000MB/s transfers
da0: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present
da1 at umass-sim0 bus 0 target 0 lun 1
da1: <Generic IC1210        MS 1.9C> Removable Direct Access SCSI-0 device 
da1: 40.000MB/s transfers
da1: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present
da2 at umass-sim0 bus 0 target 0 lun 2
da2: <Generic IC1210    MMC/SD 1.9C> Removable Direct Access SCSI-0 device 
da2: 40.000MB/s transfers
da2: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present
da3 at umass-sim0 bus 0 target 0 lun 3
da3: <Generic IC1210        SM 1.9C> Removable Direct Access SCSI-0 device 
da3: 40.000MB/s transfers
da3: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present
Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/ad4s1a

Kernel configuration XXX-SMP:

include         XXX-UP
ident           XXX-SMP
options         SMP
options         PQ_CACHESIZE=1024
device          apic

XXX-UP:

machine		i386
cpu		I686_CPU
ident		XXX-UP

options 	PQ_CACHESIZE=512

options 	MAXDSIZ=(1024UL*1024*1024)
options 	MAXSSIZ=(128UL*1024*1024)
options 	DFLDSIZ=(1024UL*1024*1024)

options 	SCHED_4BSD
options		PREEMPTION

device		cpufreq
device		acpi
device		ichwd

options 	INET			# InterNETworking
options 	INET6			# IPv6 communications protocols
options 	ZERO_COPY_SOCKETS

options 	NETGRAPH		#netgraph(4) system

options 	FFS			# Berkeley Fast Filesystem
options 	SOFTUPDATES		# Enable FFS soft updates support
options 	UFS_ACL			# Support for access control lists
options 	UFS_DIRHASH		# Improve performance on big directories
options 	NFSCLIENT		# Network Filesystem Client
options 	MSDOSFS			# MSDOS Filesystem
options 	CD9660			# ISO 9660 Filesystem
options 	PROCFS			# Process filesystem (requires PSEUDOFS)
options 	DIRECTIO

options 	PROCFS			# Process filesystem (requires PSEUDOFS)
options		LINPROCFS
options 	PSEUDOFS		# Pseudo-filesystem framework

options 	PSEUDOFS		# Pseudo-filesystem framework
options 	GEOM_GPT		# GUID Partition Tables.
options 	COMPAT_43		# Compatible with BSD 4.3 [KEEP THIS!]
options 	COMPAT_FREEBSD4		# Compatible with FreeBSD4
options		COMPAT_FREEBSD5		# Compatible with FreeBSD5
options		COMPAT_LINUX
options 	SCSI_DELAY=5000		# Delay (in ms) before probing SCSI
options 	KTRACE			# ktrace(1) support
options 	SYSVSHM			# SYSV-style shared memory
options 	SYSVMSG			# SYSV-style message queues
options 	SYSVSEM			# SYSV-style semaphores
options 	_KPOSIX_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING # POSIX P1003_1B real-time extensions
options 	KBD_INSTALL_CDEV	# install a CDEV entry in /dev

options 	ADAPTIVE_GIANT		# Giant mutex is adaptive.

device		apic			# I/O APIC

# Bus support.  Do not remove isa, even if you have no isa slots
device		isa
device		eisa
device		pci

# Floppy drives
device		fdc

# ATA and ATAPI devices
device		ata
device		atadisk		# ATA disk drives
device		ataraid		# ATA RAID drives
device		atapicd		# ATAPI CDROM drives
device		atapicam	# CAM emulation
options 	ATA_STATIC_ID	# Static device numbering

# SCSI peripherals
device		scbus		# SCSI bus (required for SCSI)
device		ch		# SCSI media changers
device		da		# Direct Access (disks)
device		sa		# Sequential Access (tape etc)
device		cd		# CD
device		pass		# Passthrough device (direct SCSI access)
device		ses		# SCSI Environmental Services (and SAF-TE)

# atkbdc0 controls both the keyboard and the PS/2 mouse
device		atkbdc		# AT keyboard controller
device		atkbd		# AT keyboard
device		psm		# PS/2 mouse

device		vga		# VGA video card driver

device		splash		# Splash screen and screen saver support

# syscons is the default console driver, resembling an SCO console
device		sc

#device		agp		# support several AGP chipsets

# Floating point support - do not disable.
device		npx

# Add suspend/resume support for the i8254.
device		pmtimer

# Serial (COM) ports
device		sio		# 8250, 16[45]50 based serial ports

device		em		# Intel PRO/1000 adapter Gigabit Ethernet Card

device		miibus		# MII bus support

device		fxp		# Intel EtherExpress PRO/100B (82557, 82558)

# Pseudo devices.
device		loop		# Network loopback
device		mem		# Memory and kernel memory devices
device		io		# I/O device
device		random		# Entropy device
device		ether		# Ethernet support
device		sl		# Kernel SLIP
device		ppp		# Kernel PPP
device		tun		# Packet tunnel.
device		pty		# Pseudo-ttys (telnet etc)
device		md		# Memory "disks"
device		gif		# IPv6 and IPv4 tunneling
device		faith		# IPv6-to-IPv4 relaying (translation)

# The `bpf' device enables the Berkeley Packet Filter.
# Be aware of the administrative consequences of enabling this!
# Note that 'bpf' is required for DHCP.
device		bpf		# Berkeley packet filter

# USB support
device		uhci		# UHCI PCI->USB interface
device		ohci		# OHCI PCI->USB interface
device		ehci		# EHCI PCI->USB interface (USB 2.0)
device		usb		# USB Bus (required)
#device		udbp		# USB Double Bulk Pipe devices
device		ugen		# Generic
device		uhid		# "Human Interface Devices"
device		ukbd		# Keyboard

device		umass		# Disks/Mass storage - Requires scbus and da
device		ums		# Mouse

device		uscanner	# Scanners

# FireWire support
device		firewire	# FireWire bus code
device		sbp		# SCSI over FireWire (Requires scbus and da)
device		fwe		# Ethernet over FireWire (non-standard!)

>How-To-Repeat:
Not trivially repeatable?
>Fix:
Unknown.

>Release-Note:
>Audit-Trail:
>Unformatted:


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